Labeled diagram of a nephron showing key structures involved in kidney function.

- Loop of Henle: The long, U-shaped tubule descending into and ascending out of the medulla.
- Collecting Duct: The straight tubule receiving fluid from multiple nephrons, running parallel to the loop of Henle.
- Proximal Tubule: The initial, highly coiled segment attached to Bowman's capsule.
- Renal Artery: The vessel branching off to supply blood to the nephron's glomerulus.
- Glomerulus: The capillary network enclosed within Bowman's capsule.
- Distal Tubule: The short, less-coiled segment between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct.
- Renal Vein: The vessel draining deoxygenated blood away from the nephron after filtration.
- Bowman's Capsule: The cup-like structure surrounding the glomerulus.
- Capillaries: The fine blood vessels forming the glomerulus and surrounding the tubules.