Final Answer:
1. He was a weaver.
2. Salt was used to preserve food and for trade; it was very valuable.
3. Robert Boyle is famous for Boyle’s Law (gas pressure and volume relationship).
4. The first accurately calibrated thermometers were made in the early 1700s in Europe (e.g., by Daniel Fahrenheit in Germany, 1714).
5. The biggest problem was lack of standardization—different thermometers gave different readings for the same temperature.
6. Thermometers became smaller by using thinner glass tubes, smaller bulbs, and more precise capillary tubes.
7. The theory that particles slow down when cooled and speed up when warmed is the kinetic theory of matter.
8. The fate of the *Lavoisier* was that it sank during World War I (1915) after being torpedoed by a German submarine.
9. Roald Amundsen left his wife behind when he went on his Antarctic expedition (1910–1912).
10. The name of Tudor’s ship was the *Favorite*.
11. The steam engine was the single most important economic problem in Europe (actually, it was the *solution*—but the question likely meant “invention”; answer: steam engine).
12. Carnot found that no engine could be more efficient than a reversible engine operating between two temperatures (Carnot cycle).
13. The SI unit for energy is the joule (symbol: J).
14. The First Law of Thermodynamics states: Energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system—it can only change forms (ΔU = Q − W).
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of nova absolute zero worksheet.
