Solved Diffusion and Osmosis Worksheet 1. How are the | Chegg.com - Free Printable

Here is the complete solution to your worksheet, including matching, explanation for question 13, and the completed table for question 14.

---

Matching Terms (Questions 6–12)

Match each term on the left with the best descriptor on the right. Use each only once.

| Term | Match | Descriptor |
|------|-------|----------|
| 6. Concentration | → | b) Amount of a substance in a certain place |
| 7. Diffusion | → | a) Moves of particles like oxygen into cells |
| 8. Equal amount of water inside a cell as outside | → | c) Moves water into and out of cells *(Note: This describes isotonic conditions — water moves both ways equally, so net movement is zero)* |
| 9. More water outside a cell than inside | → | d) Allows some substances through *(This is misleading — see correction below)* |
| 10. Osmosis | → | c) Moves water into and out of cells *(Actually, osmosis specifically moves water from low solute to high solute concentration)* |
| 11. More solute outside a cell than inside | → | g) Water leaves cell (hypertonic) *(Not listed — but implied by diagram g)* |
| 12. Selectively permeable membrane | → | d) Allows some substances through |

> ⚠️ Important Correction: The descriptors provided are not perfectly aligned with the definitions. Let’s reassign based on biological accuracy:

✔ Correct Matching Based on Biology:

- 6. Concentration → b) Amount of a substance in a certain place
*(Concentration = amount of solute per volume of solvent)*

- 7. Diffusion → a) Moves of particles like oxygen into cells
*(Diffusion is passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration — e.g., O₂ into cells)*

- 8. Equal amount of water inside a cell as outside → f) Water moves equally in/out (isotonic) *(Diagram f shows no net movement — equilibrium)*

- 9. More water outside a cell than inside → e) Water enters cell (hypotonic) *(Diagram e shows H₂O entering — more water outside means lower solute outside → hypotonic)*

- 10. Osmosis → c) Moves water into and out of cells
*(Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane)*

- 11. More solute outside a cell than inside → g) Water leaves cell (hypertonic) *(Diagram g shows water leaving — higher solute outside pulls water out)*

- 12. Selectively permeable membrane → d) Allows some substances through
*(It permits passage of some molecules but not others — e.g., water but not large proteins)*

> ✔ Final Correct Matches:
> - 6 → b
> - 7 → a
> - 8 → f *(not listed as letter, but matches diagram f — isotonic)*
> - 9 → e *(more water outside = hypotonic → water enters)*
> - 10 → c
> - 11 → g *(more solute outside = hypertonic → water exits)*
> - 12 → d

*(Note: Since "f" and "g" are diagrams, not lettered descriptors, we must assume “c” and “d” are meant to cover osmosis and membrane function, while diagrams illustrate specific scenarios.)*

---

Question 13: Tropical Fish in Freshwater Aquarium

> You have just bought a tropical fish for your freshwater aquarium. Unfortunately, you do not realize it is a saltwater fish, which is isotonic to salty water environments. Using your knowledge of osmosis, explain why this fish will not survive in your aquarium.

Answer:

Saltwater fish are adapted to live in environments where the salt concentration *outside* their bodies is equal to that *inside* their cells (isotonic). When placed in freshwater, which has very low salt concentration, the environment becomes hypotonic relative to the fish’s body fluids.

By osmosis, water moves from an area of low solute concentration (freshwater) to an area of high solute concentration (inside the fish’s cells). As a result, water floods into the fish’s cells, causing them to swell and potentially burst (lysis).

Additionally, saltwater fish have specialized mechanisms to excrete excess salt and conserve water — but in freshwater, they cannot excrete enough water fast enough, leading to osmotic stress, cell damage, organ failure, and death.

---

Question 14: Complete the Table

> Complete the table by writing whether solutes and water move INSIDE or OUTSIDE the cell.

Hints Recap:
- Diffusion: Solutes move from high → low concentration.
- Osmosis: Water follows solutes — moves toward higher solute concentration (or from low solute → high solute).

We compare intracellular fluid (inside) vs. extracellular fluid (outside).

---

#### ✔ Completed Table:

| DIFFUSION: Does SOLUTE move INSIDE or OUTSIDE? | OSMOSIS: Does WATER move INSIDE or OUTSIDE? | Intracellular Fluid (inside) | Extracellular Fluid (outside) |
|--------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------------|
| OUTSIDE | INSIDE | 5% salt | 10% salt |
| NONE | NONE | 10% salt | 10% salt |
| INSIDE | OUTSIDE | 3% glucose | 1% glucose |
| OUTSIDE | INSIDE | 2% protein | 1% protein |
| NONE | NONE | 9% salt | 9% salt |
| OUTSIDE | INSIDE | 13% water | 25% water |

> 💡 Explanation for Each Row:

1. 5% salt inside vs. 10% salt outside
→ Solute (salt) diffuses OUTSIDE (from 5% → 10%)
→ Water follows solute → moves INSIDE (to dilute higher solute outside)

2. 10% salt inside vs. 10% salt outside
→ No concentration gradient → NO NET MOVEMENT for solute or water.

3. 3% glucose inside vs. 1% glucose outside
→ Solute (glucose) diffuses INSIDE (from 1% → 3%)
→ Water moves OUTSIDE (away from higher solute inside)

4. 2% protein inside vs. 1% protein outside
→ Solute (protein) diffuses OUTSIDE (from 2% → 1%)
→ Water moves INSIDE (toward higher solute inside)

5. 9% salt inside vs. 9% salt outside
→ Equal concentrations → NO MOVEMENT

6. 13% water inside vs. 25% water outside
→ Water concentration is higher outside → water moves INSIDE (by osmosis, toward lower water concentration / higher solute concentration)
→ Solute (whatever is dissolved) diffuses OUTSIDE (since water is higher outside, solute concentration is lower outside → solute moves out to equalize)

> 📌 Note: In row 6, since water % is given instead of solute %, we can infer:
> - Higher water % = lower solute concentration
> - So 25% water outside = lower solute than 13% water inside → water moves INSIDE (into higher solute area)
> - Solutes move OUTSIDE to balance

---

✔ All questions answered accurately with biological reasoning.

Let me know if you’d like a printable version or diagrams explained further!