active transport worksheet.pdf - Laney Thacker Name: Date: Active ... - Free Printable

Problem Analysis:

The image shows a worksheet titled "Active Transport Worksheet." The task involves identifying the correct answers to questions related to active transport mechanisms. The questions and their corresponding answers are as follows:

1. What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?
- Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

2. Which type of active transport uses carrier proteins to move substances across the cell membrane?
- Primary active transport

3. When do changes in membrane potential support active transport?
- When the membrane potential is used to drive the movement of ions or molecules against their concentration gradient.

4. The particles are moved “up” against their “downhill” tendency due to:
- Energy input from ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Solution Explanation:

#### Question 1:
What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

- Passive transport occurs without the use of cellular energy. Substances move down their concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Examples include diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
- Active transport, on the other hand, requires energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Correct Answer: Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

#### Question 2:
Which type of active transport uses carrier proteins to move substances across the cell membrane?

- There are two main types of active transport:
1. Primary active transport: Involves the direct use of ATP to power the movement of substances across the membrane. An example is the sodium-potassium pump (Na⁺/K⁺ pump).
2. Secondary active transport: Uses the electrochemical gradient created by primary active transport to move substances. It does not directly use ATP but relies on the gradient established by primary active transport.

Since the question asks about the use of carrier proteins, the correct answer is primary active transport because it directly uses ATP and carrier proteins to move substances.

Correct Answer: Primary active transport

#### Question 3:
When do changes in membrane potential support active transport?

- Changes in membrane potential can support active transport when they are used to drive the movement of ions or molecules against their concentration gradient. For example, in secondary active transport, the electrochemical gradient created by primary active transport (e.g., the Na⁺/K⁺ pump) is used to move other substances across the membrane.

Correct Answer: When the membrane potential is used to drive the movement of ions or molecules against their concentration gradient.

#### Question 4:
The particles are moved “up” against their “downhill” tendency due to:

- In active transport, particles are moved against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). This requires energy, which is typically provided by ATP. The energy from ATP hydrolysis powers the transport proteins to move the particles against their natural tendency to diffuse down the concentration gradient.

Correct Answer: Energy input from ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Final Answers:

1. Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.
2. Primary active transport
3. When the membrane potential is used to drive the movement of ions or molecules against their concentration gradient.
4. Energy input from ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Boxed Final Answer:

\[
\boxed{1. \text{Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.} \\
2. \text{Primary active transport} \\
3. \text{When the membrane potential is used to drive the movement of ions or molecules against their concentration gradient.} \\
4. \text{Energy input from ATP (adenosine triphosphate).}}
\]