Here are the answers to your "Periodic Table Basics" worksheet, broken down step-by-step.
1) Which elements in the periodic table have one valence electron?
Elements with one valence electron are found in
Group 1 (the first column on the left), known as the Alkali Metals. Hydrogen is also in this group and has one valence electron. You can list any of these:
*
Hydrogen (H)
*
Lithium (Li)
*
Sodium (Na)
*
Potassium (K)
*
Rubidium (Rb)
*
Cesium (Cs)
*
Francium (Fr)
2) What do you notice about the number of valence electrons as you move from left to right across a row in the periodic table?
As you move from left to right across a period (row), the number of valence electrons
increases by one for each element. For example, Group 1 has 1, Group 2 has 2, all the way to Group 18 which has 8.
3) What do you notice about the number of energy levels or shells as you move down a group or column in the periodic table?
As you move down a group, the number of energy levels (or electron shells)
increases by one. Each new row represents a new shell being added.
4) Chemical \_\_\_\_\_\_ have similar properties.
Chemical
groups (or
families) have similar properties. Elements in the same vertical column behave similarly because they have the same number of valence electrons.
5) Noble gases are also called \_\_\_\_\_\_ gases because they don’t react with other elements.
Noble gases are also called
inert gases. "Inert" means they are chemically inactive or stable.
6) In which family would each of these elements be classified?
*
Radium: Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
*
Tin: Post-transition Metals (sometimes just called "Other Metals")
*
Iodine: Halogens (Group 17)
*
Cesium: Alkali Metals (Group 1)
7) Write down the number of valence electrons for each of these elements.
To find this, look at the group number (for main groups 1-2 and 13-18):
*
Barium (Ba): It is in Group 2, so it has
2 valence electrons.
*
Lead (Pb): It is in Group 14, so it has
4 valence electrons.
*
Bismuth (Bi): It is in Group 15, so it has
5 valence electrons.
*
Potassium (K): It is in Group 1, so it has
1 valence electron.
8) What do you notice about the melting points as you move from left to right across a period in the periodic table?
Generally, melting points
increase as you move from the metals on the left toward the middle of the table (where strong bonds form), reach a peak, and then
decrease sharply as you move toward the non-metals and noble gases on the right.
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Final Answer:
1) Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium
2) The number of valence electrons increases by one.
3) The number of energy levels (shells) increases by one.
4) Groups (or Families)
5) Inert
6)
* Radium: Alkaline Earth Metals
* Tin: Post-transition Metals
* Iodine: Halogens
* Cesium: Alkali Metals
7)
* Barium = 2
* Lead = 4
* Bismuth = 5
* Potassium = 1
8) Melting points generally increase toward the middle of the period and then decrease toward the right side.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of periodic table of elements worksheet pdf.
