Educational worksheet on atoms and the periodic table, featuring matching, fill-in-the-blank, and definition exercises.

Let's solve each part of this chemistry worksheet step by step.

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Part 1: Match the family with its most important characteristics

We are given five families and five characteristics (A–E). We need to match them correctly.

1. Alkali metal → These are in Group 1 (e.g., Li, Na, K). They have one valence electron and are very reactive, especially with water.
→ Most reactive metal
✔ Answer: D

2. Alkaline earth metal → Group 2 (e.g., Mg, Ca). They are less reactive than alkali metals but still quite reactive.
→ 2nd most reactive metal
✔ Answer: E

3. Transition metals → Groups 3–12 (e.g., Fe, Cu, Ni). They are common metals with high melting points and good conductivity.
→ Common metal, high melting point
✔ Answer: B

4. Halogen family → Group 17 (e.g., F, Cl, Br). These are highly reactive nonmetals; fluorine is the most reactive nonmetal.
→ Most reactive nonmetal
✔ Answer: A

5. Noble gases → Group 18 (e.g., He, Ne, Ar). They have full valence shells and are very stable.
→ Do not react
✔ Answer: C

✔ Final Matching:
- 1 – D
- 2 – E
- 3 – B
- 4 – A
- 5 – C

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Part 2: Fill in the chart using the word bank

Word Bank: negative, neutral, positive, inside nucleus, outside nucleus

| Particle | Charge | Location |
|-----------|------------|--------------------|
| Proton | positive | inside nucleus |
| Electron | negative | outside nucleus |
| Neutron | neutral | inside nucleus |

✔ Explanation:
- Proton: +1 charge, located in the nucleus.
- Electron: -1 charge, orbits the nucleus (outside).
- Neutron: no charge (neutral), inside the nucleus.

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Part 3: Fill in the blanks using the word bank

Word Bank: broken, stretched, hammered, wires, sheets, electricity, heat, reflects, shiny

a) Malleable – A substance can be hammered into sheets
→ Malleability means it can be shaped by hammering.

b) Ductile – A substance can be stretched into wires
→ Ductility allows a material to be drawn into wires.

c) Luster – How light reflects off a substance; how shiny it is.
→ Luster refers to the shine or reflectivity of a material.

d) Brittle – Easily broken into pieces.
→ Brittle materials fracture easily under stress.

e) Conductor – A substance that can carry electricity or heat
→ Conductors allow flow of electric current and thermal energy.

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✔ Final Answers:

#### Matching:
1. Alkali metal → D
2. Alkaline earth metal → E
3. Transition metals → B
4. Halogen family → A
5. Noble gases → C

#### Chart:
| Particle | Charge | Location |
|-----------|------------|--------------------|
| Proton | positive | inside nucleus |
| Electron | negative | outside nucleus |
| Neutron | neutral | inside nucleus |

#### Fill in the blanks:
a) Malleable – A substance can be hammered into sheets
b) Ductile – A substance can be stretched into wires
c) Luster – How light reflects off a substance; how shiny it is.
d) Brittle – Easily broken into pieces.
e) Conductor – A substance that can carry electricity or heat

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