15 The Cell Cycle Worksheet Study Guide - Free Printable

Let's solve "The Cell Cycle Worksheet" step by step, matching the descriptions to the correct phases and answering the diagram-based questions.

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Part 1: Matching – Match the term to the description

Terms:
- A. Interphase
- B. Prophase
- C. Metaphase
- D. Anaphase
- E. Telophase

Now let’s go through each description:

1. The sister chromatids are moving apart.
→ This happens in Anaphase (D).
✔ D

2. The nucleolus begins to fade from view.
→ This occurs in Prophase, when nuclear structures start breaking down.
✔ B

3. A new nuclear membrane is forming around the chromosomes.
→ This happens in Telophase.
✔ E

4. The cytoplasm of the cell is being divided.
→ This is Cytokinesis, which occurs after mitosis. It's associated with Telophase or immediately after. But since it's listed as a separate process, but not a phase of mitosis itself, the best match among options is Telophase (since cytokinesis usually coincides with telophase).
✔ E

5. The chromosomes become invisible.
→ Chromosomes decondense back into chromatin during Interphase (specifically G₁ phase).
✔ A

6. The chromosomes are located at the equator of the cell.
→ This is Metaphase.
✔ C

7. The nuclear membrane begins to fade from view.
→ This is Prophase.
✔ B

8. The division (cleavage) furrow appears.
→ This happens in Telophase (in animal cells), part of cytokinesis.
✔ E

9. The chromosomes are moving towards the poles of the cell.
→ This is Anaphase.
✔ D

10. Chromatids line up along the equator.
→ This is Metaphase.
✔ C

11. The spindle is formed.
→ Spindle fibers form during Prophase.
✔ B

12. Chromosomes are not visible.
→ In Interphase, chromosomes are uncoiled and not visible under microscope.
✔ A

13. Cytokinesis is completed.
→ This occurs after mitosis, typically at the end of Telophase.
✔ E

14. The cell plate is completed.
→ Cell plate forms in plant cells during Telophase.
✔ E

15. Chromosomes are replicated.
→ This occurs during Interphase (S phase).
✔ A

16. The reverse of prophase.
→ Prophase involves condensation of chromatin and breakdown of nucleus; the reverse is Telophase, where chromatin decondenses and nucleus reforms.
✔ E

17. The organization phase.
→ Interphase is the phase where the cell grows and prepares for division (G₁, S, G₂).
✔ A

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✔ Final Answers for Matching:

| # | Answer |
|---|--------|
| 1 | D |
| 2 | B |
| 3 | E |
| 4 | E |
| 5 | A |
| 6 | C |
| 7 | B |
| 8 | E |
| 9 | D |
|10 | C |
|11 | B |
|12 | A |
|13 | E |
|14 | E |
|15 | A |
|16 | E |
|17 | A |

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Part 2: Diagram Questions

We are given six diagrams labeled A–F, showing different stages of the cell cycle.

Let’s analyze each diagram:

- A: Chromosomes are visible, nuclear envelope still present? No — actually, chromosomes are condensed, and nuclear membrane is breaking down, spindle forming. Also, X points to a structure near the nucleus.
- B: Two nuclei forming, chromosomes at poles, nuclear envelopes reforming → Telophase
- C: Chromosomes lined up at equator → Metaphase
- D: Nucleus intact, no visible chromosomes → Interphase
- E: Chromosomes moving toward poles → Anaphase
- F: Chromosomes condensed, spindle attached, nuclear envelope gone → Prophase

Let’s identify:

#### 1. Cells A & F show an early and a late stage of the same phase of the cell cycle. What phase is it?

- F shows early prophase (chromosomes condensing, spindle starting)
- A shows late prophase (spindle fully formed, nuclear envelope breaking down)

So both are Prophase.

✔ Answer: Prophase

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#### 2. Which cell is in metaphase?

→ Cell C: chromosomes aligned at equator.

✔ Answer: C

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#### 3. Which cell is in the first phase of M phase (mitosis)?

M phase starts with Prophase.

Which cell shows early prophase? That would be F.

Note: Cell A is later prophase, F is earlier.

✔ Answer: F

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#### 4. In cell A, what structure is labeled X?

Looking at Cell A, we see X pointing to a structure near the nucleus. In prophase, this is likely the centrosome or centriole.

In animal cells, centrosomes organize the spindle. The structure labeled X appears to be a centrosome (or possibly a centriole pair).

✔ Answer: Centrosome (or Centriole) — most accurate is centrosome.

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#### 5. List the diagrams in order from first to last in the cell cycle.

Order of mitosis:

1. Interphase → D (chromosomes not visible, nucleus intact)
2. Prophase → F (early), then A (late prophase)
3. Metaphase → C
4. Anaphase → E
5. Telophase → B

But note: F is early prophase, A is late prophase → so F → A

So full order:

- D (Interphase)
- F (Early Prophase)
- A (Late Prophase)
- C (Metaphase)
- E (Anaphase)
- B (Telophase)

✔ Answer: D → F → A → C → E → B

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✔ Final Answers for Diagram Section:

1. Prophase
2. C
3. F
4. Centrosome
5. D, F, A, C, E, B

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📌 Summary of All Answers

#### Matching:

1. D
2. B
3. E
4. E
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. E
9. D
10. C
11. B
12. A
13. E
14. E
15. A
16. E
17. A

#### Diagram Questions:

1. Prophase
2. C
3. F
4. Centrosome
5. D → F → A → C → E → B

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