Comparative chart of photosynthesis and cellular respiration processes.
A chart comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration, detailing their overall equations, reactants, products, occurrence in organisms and organelles, energy requirements, main functions, stages, ATP production, ATP synthase power source, electron source, and final electron acceptor.
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Photosynthesis Vs. Cell Respiration worksheet answers | Study ...
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Photosynthesis Vs. Cell Respiration worksheet answers | Study ...
The image you've uploaded is a completed comparison chart between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration, which are two fundamental biological processes. The chart is already filled out with accurate information, so I’ll explain the key concepts and how they relate to each other, helping you understand why the answers are correct.
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| Feature | Photosynthesis | Cellular Respiration |
|--------|---------------------|---------------------------|
| Purpose | Converts light energy into chemical energy (food) | Releases stored chemical energy in food for cellular use |
| Relationship | They are opposite processes: photosynthesis *builds* glucose using CO₂ and H₂O; respiration *breaks down* glucose to release energy. |
---
#### 1. Overall Word Equation
- Photosynthesis:
Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
*(Uses sunlight to make food)*
- Cellular Respiration:
Oxygen + Glucose → Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
*(Burns food to release energy)*
> These equations are reverse of each other.
---
#### 2. Overall Chemical Equation
- Photosynthesis:
\( 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \)
- Cellular Respiration:
\( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy (ATP)} \)
> Again, these are reverses — one builds glucose, the other breaks it down.
---
#### 3. Reactants
- Photosynthesis: CO₂, H₂O, and light energy
→ Needs raw materials and energy input.
- Cellular Respiration: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂, and ATP (initially needed for glycolysis)
→ Uses food and oxygen as fuel.
---
#### 4. Products
- Photosynthesis: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂, and ATP
→ Produces food and oxygen.
- Cellular Respiration: CO₂, H₂O, and energy (ATP)
→ Releases waste products and usable energy.
---
#### 5. Occurs in Which Organisms?
- Photosynthesis: Plants, algae, some bacteria
→ Only organisms with chlorophyll or similar pigments.
- Cellular Respiration: All living organisms
→ Every cell needs ATP to survive.
---
#### 6. Occurs in Which Organelle?
- Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts (in plants and algae)
- Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria (mainly), but glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm.
> Note: Glycolysis is the first stage and doesn't require oxygen or mitochondria.
---
#### 7. Inner Membrane of Organelle
- Photosynthesis: Thylakoid membrane (inside chloroplast)
→ Site of light-dependent reactions.
- Cellular Respiration: Cristae (inner mitochondrial membrane)
→ Site of electron transport chain (ETC).
---
#### 8. Energy Released or Required?
- Photosynthesis: Requires energy (from sunlight)
→ An endergonic process.
- Cellular Respiration: Releases energy
→ An exergonic process.
---
#### 9. Main Function
- Photosynthesis: Make food and store energy (energy capture).
- Cellular Respiration: Break down food to release energy (ATP production).
---
#### 10. Stages
- Photosynthesis:
1. Light-dependent reactions (thylakoids)
2. Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle, stroma)
- Cellular Respiration:
1. Glycolysis (cytoplasm)
2. Pyruvate oxidation (mitochondrial matrix)
3. Krebs cycle (matrix)
4. Electron Transport Chain (cristae)
---
#### 11. Production of ATP?
- Photosynthesis: Yes, ATP is made during light reactions and used in Calvin cycle.
- Cellular Respiration: Yes, produces ATP via substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Theoretical: ~38 ATP per glucose
- Actual: ~30–32 ATP due to inefficiencies
---
#### 12. What Powers ATP Synthase?
- Both use a proton gradient (H⁺):
- Photosynthesis: H⁺ gradient across thylakoid membrane → ATP synthase in thylakoid membrane.
- Respiration: H⁺ gradient across inner mitochondrial membrane → ATP synthase in cristae.
> This is chemiosmosis, a key mechanism in both processes.
---
#### 13. Electron Source
- Photosynthesis: Water (H₂O) → split at PSII to provide electrons and O₂.
- Cellular Respiration: Glucose, NADH, FADH₂ → donate electrons to ETC.
---
#### 14. Final Electron Acceptor in E.T.C.
- Photosynthesis: NADP⁺ → becomes NADPH (used in Calvin cycle).
- Cellular Respiration: O₂ (oxygen gas) → reduced to H₂O.
> In respiration, O₂ is the final acceptor — this is why we need oxygen!
---
These two processes form a biological cycle:
- Photosynthesis produces glucose and O₂ → used by respiration.
- Respiration produces CO₂ and H₂O → used by photosynthesis.
This interdependence supports life on Earth.
---
Your chart is correct and well-organized! It clearly shows that:
- Photosynthesis is an anabolic, energy-storing process.
- Cellular respiration is a catabolic, energy-releasing process.
- They are complementary and essential for ecosystems.
If this was a homework assignment, your answer is complete and accurate.
Let me know if you'd like a simplified version, diagram, or quiz based on this!
---
🔍 Overview of the Two Processes
| Feature | Photosynthesis | Cellular Respiration |
|--------|---------------------|---------------------------|
| Purpose | Converts light energy into chemical energy (food) | Releases stored chemical energy in food for cellular use |
| Relationship | They are opposite processes: photosynthesis *builds* glucose using CO₂ and H₂O; respiration *breaks down* glucose to release energy. |
---
✔ Detailed Explanation of Each Row
#### 1. Overall Word Equation
- Photosynthesis:
Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
*(Uses sunlight to make food)*
- Cellular Respiration:
Oxygen + Glucose → Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
*(Burns food to release energy)*
> These equations are reverse of each other.
---
#### 2. Overall Chemical Equation
- Photosynthesis:
\( 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \)
- Cellular Respiration:
\( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy (ATP)} \)
> Again, these are reverses — one builds glucose, the other breaks it down.
---
#### 3. Reactants
- Photosynthesis: CO₂, H₂O, and light energy
→ Needs raw materials and energy input.
- Cellular Respiration: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂, and ATP (initially needed for glycolysis)
→ Uses food and oxygen as fuel.
---
#### 4. Products
- Photosynthesis: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂, and ATP
→ Produces food and oxygen.
- Cellular Respiration: CO₂, H₂O, and energy (ATP)
→ Releases waste products and usable energy.
---
#### 5. Occurs in Which Organisms?
- Photosynthesis: Plants, algae, some bacteria
→ Only organisms with chlorophyll or similar pigments.
- Cellular Respiration: All living organisms
→ Every cell needs ATP to survive.
---
#### 6. Occurs in Which Organelle?
- Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts (in plants and algae)
- Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria (mainly), but glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm.
> Note: Glycolysis is the first stage and doesn't require oxygen or mitochondria.
---
#### 7. Inner Membrane of Organelle
- Photosynthesis: Thylakoid membrane (inside chloroplast)
→ Site of light-dependent reactions.
- Cellular Respiration: Cristae (inner mitochondrial membrane)
→ Site of electron transport chain (ETC).
---
#### 8. Energy Released or Required?
- Photosynthesis: Requires energy (from sunlight)
→ An endergonic process.
- Cellular Respiration: Releases energy
→ An exergonic process.
---
#### 9. Main Function
- Photosynthesis: Make food and store energy (energy capture).
- Cellular Respiration: Break down food to release energy (ATP production).
---
#### 10. Stages
- Photosynthesis:
1. Light-dependent reactions (thylakoids)
2. Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle, stroma)
- Cellular Respiration:
1. Glycolysis (cytoplasm)
2. Pyruvate oxidation (mitochondrial matrix)
3. Krebs cycle (matrix)
4. Electron Transport Chain (cristae)
---
#### 11. Production of ATP?
- Photosynthesis: Yes, ATP is made during light reactions and used in Calvin cycle.
- Cellular Respiration: Yes, produces ATP via substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Theoretical: ~38 ATP per glucose
- Actual: ~30–32 ATP due to inefficiencies
---
#### 12. What Powers ATP Synthase?
- Both use a proton gradient (H⁺):
- Photosynthesis: H⁺ gradient across thylakoid membrane → ATP synthase in thylakoid membrane.
- Respiration: H⁺ gradient across inner mitochondrial membrane → ATP synthase in cristae.
> This is chemiosmosis, a key mechanism in both processes.
---
#### 13. Electron Source
- Photosynthesis: Water (H₂O) → split at PSII to provide electrons and O₂.
- Cellular Respiration: Glucose, NADH, FADH₂ → donate electrons to ETC.
---
#### 14. Final Electron Acceptor in E.T.C.
- Photosynthesis: NADP⁺ → becomes NADPH (used in Calvin cycle).
- Cellular Respiration: O₂ (oxygen gas) → reduced to H₂O.
> In respiration, O₂ is the final acceptor — this is why we need oxygen!
---
🔄 Key Takeaway: The Cycle
These two processes form a biological cycle:
- Photosynthesis produces glucose and O₂ → used by respiration.
- Respiration produces CO₂ and H₂O → used by photosynthesis.
This interdependence supports life on Earth.
---
✔ Final Thoughts
Your chart is correct and well-organized! It clearly shows that:
- Photosynthesis is an anabolic, energy-storing process.
- Cellular respiration is a catabolic, energy-releasing process.
- They are complementary and essential for ecosystems.
If this was a homework assignment, your answer is complete and accurate.
Let me know if you'd like a simplified version, diagram, or quiz based on this!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of photosynthesis and cellular respiration worksheet answers.
