Worksheet on chemical and physical properties for educational use.

Let's solve this step by step.

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Understanding the Difference:

- Physical Properties: Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s chemical identity (e.g., color, density, melting point).
- Chemical Properties: Characteristics that describe how a substance interacts with other substances or changes into a new substance (e.g., flammability, reactivity with acids).

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## ✔ Part A: Classify the following properties

| Property | Physical Property | Chemical Property |
|-------------------------------|-------------------|-------------------|
| Boiling point | ✓ | |
| Reacts with a base to form water | | ✓ |
| Malleability | ✓ | |
| Can neutralize a base | | ✓ |
| Length of an object | ✓ | |
| Conductivity | ✓ | |
| Gives off toxic gases | | ✓ |
| Coordination number | ✓ | |
| Ignites immediately | | ✓ |
| Smelly substance | ✓ | |

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🔍 Explanation for Part A:

1. Boiling point → Physical (change of state without changing composition)
2. Reacts with a base to form water → Chemical (involves a reaction forming new substances)
3. Malleability → Physical (can be shaped without changing chemical structure)
4. Can neutralize a base → Chemical (acid-base reaction produces salt and water)
5. Length of an object → Physical (measurable without altering substance)
6. Conductivity → Physical (ability to conduct electricity; no chemical change)
7. Gives off toxic gases → Chemical (often due to decomposition or reaction)
8. Coordination number → Physical (a structural property in coordination chemistry, not involving reaction)
9. Ignites immediately → Chemical (combustion is a chemical change)
10. Smelly substance → Physical (odor is detectable without changing substance)

> Note: "Coordination number" is a physical property because it describes the structure around a central atom, not a reaction.

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## ✔ Part B: State whether each is a physical or chemical property

1. The sulfur is yellow → Physical
*(Color is a physical property)*

2. Iron reacts with sulfur to give heat and flame → Chemical
*(Reaction producing new compound and energy = chemical change)*

3. Baking soda with acid produces bubbles of gases → Chemical
*(Gas evolution indicates a chemical reaction)*

4. Metal can be rolled into flat sheets → Physical
*(Malleability – shape change without chemical change)*

5. Oxygen is colorless, odorless, and tasteless → Physical
*(Sensory properties that don't alter the substance)*

6. Copper turns green when exposed to the environment → Chemical
*(Forms copper carbonate or patina – chemical reaction with air/moisture)*

7. A piece of metal is magnetic → Physical
*(Magnetism is a physical property)*

8. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water → Physical
*(Dissolving is physical unless a reaction occurs; NaOH dissociates but doesn’t change chemically)*
> *Note: Some may argue it's chemical due to ionization, but dissolution of ionic compounds is generally considered physical.*

9. A pellet of sodium is sliced into two → Physical
*(Cutting changes size, not composition)*

10. Water is heated and changes into steam → Physical
*(Phase change from liquid to gas – no new substance formed)*

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✔ Final Answers for Part B:

1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Chemical
4. Physical
5. Physical
6. Chemical
7. Physical
8. Physical
9. Physical
10. Physical

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