Educational worksheet comparing physical and chemical properties and changes with examples.

Let's solve this step-by-step based on the definitions provided in the review section.

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Definitions Recap:

- Physical Property: A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s identity. Examples: color, density, melting point, solubility.
- Chemical Property: Describes how a substance interacts with other substances to form new substances. Often involves reactivity (e.g., flammable, combustible).
- Physical Change: A change in form or state without changing the substance’s identity (no new substance formed). Example: melting, freezing, cutting.
- Chemical Change: A change where a new substance is formed due to a chemical reaction. Often involves color change, gas production, odor change, etc.

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We are given two columns:

1. Left Column: List of terms (1–13) — to classify as Physical Property or Chemical Property
2. Right Column: List of terms (14–25) — to classify as Physical Change or Chemical Change

Let’s go through each one and categorize them.

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## ✔ Left Column: Physical vs. Chemical Properties

| # | Term | Type | Reason |
|---|------------------|--------------------|--------|
| 1 | flammable | Chemical Property | Describes how it reacts (burns) → forms new substances |
| 2 | mixing | Physical Property? Wait – actually, mixing is a process, not a property. But if we interpret it as "ability to mix", it could be physical. However, "mixing" itself is a change, not a property. Let’s reconsider. But since it's listed under properties, likely referring to solubility, which is a physical property. So: Physical Property |
| 3 | tarnishing | Chemical Property | Tarnishing = oxidation (reaction with air), so it's a chemical change, but the property is the tendency to tarnish → Chemical Property |
| 4 | combustible | Chemical Property | Can burn → reacts with oxygen → Chemical Property |
| 5 | 88 degrees | Physical Property | Temperature (melting point?) → measurable without changing identity |
| 6 | bread molding | Chemical Property? No, molding is a process. But “bread molding” refers to potential for mold growth, which is a chemical change. So the property is susceptibility to spoilage → Chemical Property |
| 7 | molding clay | Physical Property? Molding is a change, but if it's about the pliability, then it's a physical property. Since it's listed here, likely meaning the clay’s ability to be shaped → Physical Property |
| 8 | melting | Physical Property | Melting point is a physical property |
| 9 | density | Physical Property | Measurable, no change in identity |
|10 | rotting | Chemical Property | Rotting is decomposition → chemical change, so the tendency to rot is a chemical property |
|11 | rusting | Chemical Property | Rusting is iron reacting with oxygen → Chemical Property |
|12 | freezing | Physical Property | Freezing point is a physical property |
|13 | cutting | Physical Property? Cutting is a change, but if it's about the cuttable nature, it's a physical property (like hardness). So: Physical Property |

> 🔍 Note: Some terms like "mixing", "molding", "cutting" are changes, but if they're being used to describe inherent characteristics, they’re classified as properties. But in context, these seem more like changes. However, since they are placed in the Properties column, we assume they refer to the capability (e.g., "can be cut" = physical property).

So final classifications:

Left Column Answers:

```
Chemical Property: 1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11
Physical Property: 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13
```

Wait — let’s double-check:

- 1. flammable → chemical ✔
- 2. mixing → ambiguous, but likely physical property (e.g., miscibility)
- 3. tarnishing → chemical ✔
- 4. combustible → chemical ✔
- 5. 88 degrees → physical ✔
- 6. bread molding → chemical (because it involves microbial action forming new substances) → chemical property ✔
- 7. molding clay → physical (clay can be molded without chemical change) → physical ✔
- 8. melting → physical ✔
- 9. density → physical ✔
-10. rotting → chemical ✔
-11. rusting → chemical ✔
-12. freezing → physical ✔
-13. cutting → physical (cutting doesn’t change identity) → physical ✔

✔ So:
- Chemical Properties: 1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11
- Physical Properties: 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13

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## ✔ Right Column: Physical vs. Chemical Changes

Now classify the changes:

| # | Term | Type | Reason |
|---|------------------|--------------------|--------|
|14 | sour tasting | Physical Change? No — taste is a property, but "sour tasting" describes a change in flavor due to acid formation (like in milk souring). But this is not a change itself; it’s a result. However, since it's listed under Changes, maybe it's referring to the process of becoming sour. But "sour tasting" is a sensory observation, not a change. But likely meant to be souring → which is chemical. So: Chemical Change |
|15 | milk souring | Chemical Change | Bacteria convert lactose to lactic acid → new substance → chemical ✔ |
|16 | decomposing | Chemical Change | Breakdown into simpler substances → chemical ✔ |
|17 | solid phase | Physical Change | Phase change is physical → e.g., solid to liquid → physical ✔ |
|18 | reacting | Chemical Change | Reacting means chemical reaction → new substances → chemical ✔ |
|19 | 456 grams | Physical Change? No — mass is a property, not a change. But listed under Changes. Likely error, but perhaps it's describing measuring mass during a change. But mass itself is not a change. However, if it's part of a physical process, it might be associated with physical change. But strictly speaking, 456 grams is a physical property. But since it's in the Change column, maybe it's implying a change in mass? But it’s just a number. This is confusing. Probably not a change. But since it's listed, and mass is conserved in physical changes, likely it's related to physical change. But better to think: mass measurement is not a change, but if it's during a process, it might be associated with physical change. However, best interpretation: Physical Change (since mass is involved in physical processes) |
|20 | fragile | Physical Change? No — "fragile" is a property (how easily it breaks). But it's in the Changes column. Likely a misplacement. But if we interpret it as breaking, then it's a physical change (no new substance). So: Physical Change |
|21 | bitter | Chemical Change? No — taste is a property. But again, "bitter" may result from chemical changes. But as a change, it's not. But if it's the development of bitterness, then it’s a chemical change. So: Chemical Change |
|22 | purple | Physical Change? Color is a property, not a change. But if it's changing to purple, then it’s a chemical change (e.g., indicator). So likely: Chemical Change |
|23 | bleaching | Chemical Change | Bleaching destroys color via chemical reaction (oxidation) → new substances → chemical ✔ |
|24 | evaporating | Physical Change | Liquid to gas → no new substance → physical ✔ |
|25 | 432 ml | Physical Change? Volume is a property, not a change. But if it's part of a process (like pouring), then associated with physical change. So: Physical Change |

But wait — 19 and 25 are measurements (grams, mL). They are not changes, but properties.

However, since they are listed under Changes, likely they are meant to represent physical changes because:

- Mass and volume remain constant in physical changes.
- They are measurable during physical processes.

So even though they are properties, in context, they are associated with physical changes.

But strictly, they are not changes.

But since the task is to classify them under Physical Change or Chemical Change, and they are not chemical, we must assign them to Physical Change by default.

Alternatively, maybe they are meant to be physical properties, but they are in the Changes column.

This seems like a mistake in the worksheet.

But let’s assume the intent is:

- If a term describes a change, classify accordingly.
- If it's a measurement, it's not a change, but since it's listed, it's probably associated with physical change.

So:

Right Column Answers:

| # | Term | Classification |
|---|------------------|--------------------|
|14 | sour tasting | Chemical Change (due to acid formation) |
|15 | milk souring | Chemical Change |
|16 | decomposing | Chemical Change |
|17 | solid phase | Physical Change (phase change) |
|18 | reacting | Chemical Change |
|19 | 456 grams | Physical Change (mass is conserved in physical changes) |
|20 | fragile | Physical Change (if breaking occurs) |
|21 | bitter | Chemical Change (bitterness from chemical reaction) |
|22 | purple | Chemical Change (color change often indicates chemical reaction) |
|23 | bleaching | Chemical Change |
|24 | evaporating | Physical Change |
|25 | 432 ml | Physical Change |

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## ✔ Final Answer:

Left Column (Properties):

```
Physical Properties: 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13
Chemical Properties: 1, 3, 4, 6, 10, 11
```

Right Column (Changes):

```
Physical Changes: 17, 19, 20, 24, 25
Chemical Changes: 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23
```

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## ✔ Completed Worksheet:

Physical Properties

(2) mixing
(5) 88 degrees
(7) molding clay
(8) melting
(9) density
(12) freezing
(13) cutting

Chemical Properties

(1) flammable
(3) tarnishing
(4) combustible
(6) bread molding
(10) rotting
(11) rusting

---

Physical Changes

(17) solid phase
(19) 456 grams
(20) fragile
(24) evaporating
(25) 432 ml

Chemical Changes

(14) sour tasting
(15) milk souring
(16) decomposing
(18) reacting
(21) bitter
(22) purple
(23) bleaching

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✔ Explanation Summary:

- Properties describe what something is (e.g., flammable, density).
- Changes describe what happens (e.g., melting, burning).
- Physical changes do not create new substances; chemical changes do.
- Taste, color, mass, volume are properties, but if they change due to a process, the process is classified accordingly.
- Words ending in "-ing" (like souring, decomposing, reacting) are usually changes.

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