Acid base worksheet-2 - erm! - Acids and Bases Worksheet 1. Acids ... - Free Printable

Let's go through the Acids and Bases Worksheet step by step, checking and completing it accurately.

---

1. Properties of Acids and Bases

We are given a chart comparing properties of acids and bases. The goal is to fill in the missing or incomplete information based on known chemical behavior.

| Property | Acids | Bases |
|-------------------------------|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| Conductivity in Aqueous Solution | very good (conduct electricity) | very good (conduct electricity) |
| Taste | sour | bitter |
| Feel | burn | slippery |
| Reaction with Metal | produces H₂ gas | results in making hydrogen gas |
| Reaction with Carbonate | produces CO₂ gas | produces CO₂ gas |
| Colour on Litmus Paper | red | blue |
| Colour with Universal Indicator | red | purple |
| Colour with phenolphthalein | colourless | pink (not purple — correction needed!) |

> 🔴 Correction: Phenolphthalein turns pink in basic solutions, not purple. "Purple" is likely a mistake. It should be:
> - Acids: colourless
> - Bases: pink

✔ So, correct the last row:
- Colour with phenolphthalein
- Acids: colourless
- Bases: pink

> ✔ Final corrected table:

| Property | Acids | Bases |
|-------------------------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| Conductivity in Aqueous Solution | very good | very good |
| Taste | sour | bitter |
| Feel | burn | slippery |
| Reaction with Metal | produces H₂ gas | produces H₂ gas |
| Reaction with Carbonate | produces CO₂ gas | produces CO₂ gas |
| Colour on Litmus Paper | red | blue |
| Colour with Universal Indicator | red | purple |
| Colour with phenolphthalein | colourless | pink |

> 💡 Note: Both acids and bases conduct electricity because they dissociate into ions in water. Both react with metals and carbonates to produce gases (H₂ and CO₂ respectively), but the specific reactions differ slightly.

---

2. Identify Each Compound as Acid or Base and Name It

| Formula | Acid/Base? | Name |
|--------------|------------|---------------------------|
| HNO₃ | acid | nitric acid |
| Mg(OH)₂ | base | magnesium hydroxide |
| H₃PO₄ | acid | phosphoric acid |
| H₂CO₃ | acid | carbonic acid |
| HF | acid | hydrofluoric acid |
| Fe(OH)₃ | base | iron(III) hydroxide |

> ✔ All correct except the name for Fe(OH)₃:
> - It should be iron(III) hydroxide, not just "hydroxide".

So fix that:
- Fe(OH)₃ → base, iron(III) hydroxide

---

3. Write the Formula for Each of the Following Acids/Bases

| Name | Formula |
|--------------------------|-------------|
| hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| aluminum hydroxide | Al(OH)₃ |
| lithium hydroxide | LiOH |
| sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ |
| hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| sodium hydroxide | NaOH |
| calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)₂ |
| sulfurous acid | H₂SO₃ |

> ✔ All formulas are correct!

> 🔍 Notes:
> - Sulfuric acid = H₂SO₄
> - Sulfurous acid = H₂SO₃ (note the 'ous' means less oxygen than 'ic')
> - Hydroxides: metal + OH⁻; charge balance determines subscript

---

✔ Summary of Corrections and Explanations

#### Section 1: Chart Correction
- Phenolphthalein color for bases: Should be pink, not purple.
- Phenolphthalein is colorless in acids, pink in bases.
- Universal indicator shows purple in strong bases, but phenolphthalein does not turn purple.

#### Section 2: Naming Correction
- Fe(OH)₃ → iron(III) hydroxide (since Fe has +3 oxidation state)

#### Section 3: Formulas
- All formulas are correctly written.

---

✔ Final Answer Key (Corrected)

---

1. Completed Table

| Property | Acids | Bases |
|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------|
| Conductivity in Aqueous Solution | very good | very good |
| Taste | sour | bitter |
| Feel | burn | slippery |
| Reaction with Metal | produces H₂ gas | produces H₂ gas |
| Reaction with Carbonate | produces CO₂ gas | produces CO₂ gas |
| Colour on Litmus Paper | red | blue |
| Colour with Universal Indicator | red | purple |
| Colour with phenolphthalein | colourless | pink |

---

2. Identification

| Formula | Acid/Base? | Name |
|--------------|------------|----------------------|
| HNO₃ | acid | nitric acid |
| Mg(OH)₂ | base | magnesium hydroxide |
| H₃PO₄ | acid | phosphoric acid |
| H₂CO₃ | acid | carbonic acid |
| HF | acid | hydrofluoric acid |
| Fe(OH)₃ | base | iron(III) hydroxide |

---

3. Formulas

| Name | Formula |
|--------------------------|-------------|
| hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| aluminum hydroxide | Al(OH)₃ |
| lithium hydroxide | LiOH |
| sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ |
| hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| sodium hydroxide | NaOH |
| calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)₂ |
| sulfurous acid | H₂SO₃ |

---

✔ All corrections made. The worksheet is now accurate and complete.