Here's the completed
2.2.5 Respiration Worksheet with accurate biological answers and explanations:
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Respiration is the controlled release of energy from food
- ● The food involved in respiration is usually
glucose
→ *Explanation: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is the primary carbohydrate broken down during cellular respiration to release energy.*
- ● Internal respiration is controlled by
enzymes which allow energy to be released in
small, manageable steps
→ *Explanation: Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up reactions without being consumed. They ensure energy is released gradually so cells can capture it efficiently rather than losing it all as heat.*
- ● The energy is trapped in molecules called
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
→ *Explanation: ATP is the universal energy currency of the cell. It stores energy in its high-energy phosphate bonds, which can be broken to power cellular work.*
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Types of Respiration
- ● Aerobic Respiration – the release of energy from food in the
presence of oxygen
→ *Explanation: “Aero” means air/oxygen. This process requires oxygen and yields much more ATP than anaerobic respiration.*
- ● Anaerobic Respiration – the release of energy from food
without the presence of oxygen
→ *Explanation: “An” means without. This occurs when oxygen is scarce (e.g., in muscle cells during intense exercise or in yeast during fermentation).*
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Aerobic Respiration
- ● Most living things get energy from aerobic respiration and are called
aerobes
→ *Explanation: Organisms that require oxygen for survival and energy production are termed aerobes (e.g., humans, most animals, plants).*
- ● The energy stored in
chemical bonds in glucose is released and used to make
ATP
→ *Explanation: Glucose contains potential energy stored in its covalent bonds. When broken down, this energy is transferred to ATP molecules.*
- ● When ATP breaks down it
provides energy for all the reactions in a cell such as movement of muscles, growth of new cells, etc.
→ *Explanation: Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + Pi releases energy that powers endergonic (energy-requiring) cellular processes.*
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Equation for Aerobic Respiration
The balanced chemical equation is:
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C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP (energy)
So fill in:
- ●
Glucose +
Oxygen →
Carbon dioxide +
Water +
Energy (ATP)
→ *This summarizes the complete oxidation of glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and usable energy.*
*(Note: Sometimes written with "energy" or "ATP" on the right side — both are acceptable depending on curriculum.)*
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Additional Notes on Aerobic Respiration
- ● Aerobic respiration is relatively
efficient, 40% of the energy in glucose is used to make ATP
→ *Explanation: While not 100% efficient (much energy is lost as heat), aerobic respiration captures ~40% of glucose’s energy in ATP — far better than anaerobic methods (~2%).*
- ● Any energy not used to produce ATP is
released as heat
→ *Explanation: Energy transformations are never 100% efficient. In respiration, the “lost” energy maintains body temperature (in warm-blooded animals) or is simply dissipated.*
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✔ Final Answer Summary (Filled Blanks):
Respiration is the controlled release of energy from food
- glucose
- enzymes; small, manageable steps
- ATP
Types of Respiration
- presence
- without
Aerobic Respiration
- aerobes
- chemical bonds; ATP
- provides energy
Equation for Aerobic Respiration
- Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (or ATP)
Additional Notes
- efficient
- released as heat
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Let me know if you’d like diagrams, word equations, or comparisons with anaerobic respiration next!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of respiration worksheet.
