Educational worksheet for identifying solutes and solvents in common solutions.

Problem Overview:

The task involves identifying the solute and solvent in various solutions. The key hint provided is that the solvent is always present in a greater amount than the solute.

Solution Explanation:

1. Definition of Solute and Solvent:
- Solute: The substance that is dissolved in a solution.
- Solvent: The substance that dissolves the solute and is present in a greater amount.

2. Approach:
- Analyze each solution to determine which component is present in a greater amount (solvent) and which is dissolved (solute).
- Use common knowledge about the composition of each solution to make accurate identifications.

Detailed Solutions:

#### 1. Solution: Cigarette Smoke spreads through the air
- a. Cigarette smoke: Solute
- b. Air: Solvent
- Explanation: Cigarette smoke is dispersed in the air, so air is the solvent.

#### 2. Solution: Goldring
- a. Copper: Solute
- b. Gold: Solvent
- Explanation: Goldring is an alloy where gold is the primary component (solvent), and copper is added as a minor component (solute).

#### 3. Solution: Cup of Coffee
- a. Caffeine: Solute
- b. Water: Solvent
- Explanation: Caffeine is dissolved in water, making water the solvent.

#### 4. Solution: Sterling Silver
- a. Silver: Solvent
- b. Copper: Solute
- Explanation: Sterling silver is an alloy primarily composed of silver (solvent) with a small amount of copper (solute).

#### 5. Solution: Water in a fish tank
- a. Water: Solvent
- b. Oxygen: Solute
- Explanation: In a fish tank, oxygen is dissolved in water, making water the solvent.

#### 6. Solution: Unopened can of soda
- a. Carbon dioxide: Solute
- b. Sugar water: Solvent
- Explanation: Carbon dioxide is dissolved in sugar water, making sugar water the solvent.

#### 7. Solution: Air
- a. Oxygen: Solute
- b. Nitrogen: Solvent
- Explanation: Nitrogen makes up the majority of air (about 78%), while oxygen is a smaller component (about 21%).

#### 8. Solution: Maple Syrup
- a. Water: Solvent
- b. Sugar: Solute
- Explanation: Maple syrup is primarily composed of water with dissolved sugars.

#### 9. Solution: Vinegar
- a. Acetic Acid: Solute
- b. Water: Solvent
- Explanation: Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid dissolved in water.

#### 10. Solution: Ocean Water
- a. Salt: Solute
- b. Water: Solvent
- Explanation: Ocean water is primarily water with dissolved salts.

#### 11. Solution: Brass
- a. Zinc: Solute
- b. Copper: Solvent
- Explanation: Brass is an alloy primarily composed of copper (solvent) with zinc (solute).

#### 12. Solution: Humid Air
- a. Water: Solute
- b. Air: Solvent
- Explanation: In humid air, water vapor is dissolved in the air, making air the solvent.

Final Answer:

\[
\boxed{
\begin{array}{ll}
1. & \text{Cigarette smoke: Solute, Air: Solvent} \\
2. & \text{Copper: Solute, Gold: Solvent} \\
3. & \text{Caffeine: Solute, Water: Solvent} \\
4. & \text{Silver: Solvent, Copper: Solute} \\
5. & \text{Water: Solvent, Oxygen: Solute} \\
6. & \text{Carbon dioxide: Solute, Sugar water: Solvent} \\
7. & \text{Oxygen: Solute, Nitrogen: Solvent} \\
8. & \text{Water: Solvent, Sugar: Solute} \\
9. & \text{Acetic Acid: Solute, Water: Solvent} \\
10. & \text{Salt: Solute, Water: Solvent} \\
11. & \text{Zinc: Solute, Copper: Solvent} \\
12. & \text{Water: Solute, Air: Solvent} \\
\end{array}
}
\]