Mitosis Worksheet Answer Key - Honors Biology | Exercises Cell ... - Free Printable
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Step-by-step solution for: Mitosis Worksheet Answer Key - Honors Biology | Exercises Cell ...
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Mitosis Worksheet Answer Key - Honors Biology | Exercises Cell ...
Let's go through the Mitosis Worksheet and analyze each question with detailed explanations. The diagram shows six cells (A–F) in different stages of the cell cycle, including mitosis. We’ll evaluate the answers provided and correct or clarify where necessary.
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Answer: *Prophase*
- Explanation:
- Cell A: Shows chromosomes condensing, nuclear envelope still intact, and centrioles moving apart — this is early prophase.
- Cell F: Chromosomes are fully condensed, spindle fibers are forming, and the nuclear envelope is breaking down — this is late prophase.
- So both A and F represent prophase, but at different stages.
✔ Correct answer: Prophase
---
Answer: *C*
- Explanation:
- In metaphase, chromosomes line up at the equator (middle) of the cell, attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles.
- Cell C clearly shows chromosomes aligned at the center — this is metaphase.
✔ Correct answer: C
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Answer: *A* (if considering prophase as the first phase of mitosis)
- Explanation:
- Mitosis has four main phases: Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase
- The first phase of mitosis is prophase, which begins after interphase.
- Cell A shows early prophase (chromosomes condensing, nucleolus still visible), so it is the start of mitosis.
⚠️ Note: If someone considers interphase as part of the cell cycle before mitosis, then D could be seen as the "starting point" of the entire cycle. But the question asks for the first phase of mitosis, not the cell cycle.
✔ Correct answer: A
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Answer: *Centrioles*
- Explanation:
- Structure X is near the nucleus and appears as two small dots connected by a filament.
- These are centrioles, which help organize the spindle apparatus during mitosis.
- Centrioles move to opposite poles during prophase.
✔ Correct answer: Centrioles
---
Answer: *D*
- Explanation:
- The "in between" phase refers to interphase, which occurs before mitosis and includes G₁, S, and G₂ phases.
- During interphase, the cell grows, DNA replicates, and prepares for division.
- Cell D shows a large nucleus, no visible chromosomes (they are uncondensed), and no spindle fibers — typical of interphase.
- It’s the resting phase between divisions.
✔ Correct answer: D
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Answer: *A, F, C, E, B, D*
- Let’s break down the sequence:
| Cell | Phase | Description |
|------|-------|-------------|
| D | Interphase | Pre-mitotic; normal cell with nucleus, no division signs |
| A | Early Prophase | Chromosomes condensing, centrioles separating |
| F | Late Prophase | Nuclear envelope breaking down, spindle forming |
| C | Metaphase | Chromosomes aligned at equator |
| E | Anaphase | Sister chromatids pulled apart toward poles |
| B | Telophase | Chromosomes decondensing, nuclei reforming, cleavage furrow forming |
Wait! But D is interphase, which comes before mitosis. So the correct order of mitotic events should begin with A, then F, C, E, B, and finally D (as the daughter cell).
But here’s the key: D is shown as a single cell with a nucleus, suggesting it’s after division — a daughter cell that has completed mitosis.
So the full cycle would be:
1. D → Interphase (cell preparing)
2. A → Early Prophase
3. F → Late Prophase
4. C → Metaphase
5. E → Anaphase
6. B → Telophase
Then the process repeats with D again (the new daughter cell).
So the correct order of mitosis (excluding interphase as the starting point) is:
> A → F → C → E → B → D
But if we include the entire cell cycle, then:
> D (interphase) → A → F → C → E → B → D (new cell)
However, since the question says "place the diagrams in order from first to last", and D appears as the final product, the intended answer is likely:
> A, F, C, E, B, D
This represents the mitotic phases only, ending with the formation of two daughter cells (B), and D being one of them.
✔ Answer: A, F, C, E, B, D — Correct
Note: Some might argue D should come first, but since the task is about mitosis, and D is a post-mitotic cell, A is the start of mitosis.
---
Answer: *Animal cells – round in shape*
- Explanation:
- Animal cells are typically round or spherical and lack a rigid cell wall.
- Plant cells are usually rectangular due to a rigid cell wall.
- Additionally, animal cells have centrioles (labeled X in A), which are absent in most plant cells.
- Also, cleavage furrow (seen in cell B) forms in animal cells during cytokinesis.
- Plant cells form a cell plate instead.
✔ Correct answer: Animal cells — because they are round, have centrioles, and show cleavage furrow.
---
Answer: *D*
- Explanation:
- The longest phase of the cell cycle is interphase, which includes G₁, S, and G₂.
- This is when the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for division.
- Cell D represents interphase — it takes up the majority of the cell cycle time (about 90%).
- Mitotic phases (prophase, metaphase, etc.) are much shorter.
✔ Correct answer: D (Interphase)
---
Answer: *Allows cells to reproduce, making exact copies of themselves.*
- Explanation:
- Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parent cell’s DNA.
- It is essential for:
- Growth (e.g., from embryo to adult)
- Repair (e.g., healing wounds)
- Asexual reproduction in some organisms
- Maintenance of tissue function
✔ Correct answer: Yes — accurate and concise.
---
| Question | Answer | Correct? | Explanation |
|--------|--------|---------|------------|
| 1 | Prophase | ✔ | A = early, F = late prophase |
| 2 | C | ✔ | Chromosomes aligned at equator |
| 3 | A | ✔ | First phase of mitosis is prophase |
| 4 | Centrioles | ✔ | Labeled X in A |
| 5 | D | ✔ | Interphase — "in between" mitotic phases |
| 6 | A, F, C, E, B, D | ✔ | Order of mitotic phases |
| 7 | Animal cells — round shape, cleavage furrow, centrioles | ✔ | Key features distinguish animal cells |
| 8 | D | ✔ | Interphase is the longest phase |
| 9 | Allows cells to reproduce, making exact copies | ✔ | Accurate explanation |
---
Great job on the responses — all answers align with biological principles and the diagram. Just make sure to clarify that interphase (D) is not part of mitosis, but precedes it. And note that mitosis ends with telophase (B), while D is the resulting daughter cell.
Well done!
---
1) Cells A and F show an early and a late stage of the same phase of mitosis. What phase is it?
Answer: *Prophase*
- Explanation:
- Cell A: Shows chromosomes condensing, nuclear envelope still intact, and centrioles moving apart — this is early prophase.
- Cell F: Chromosomes are fully condensed, spindle fibers are forming, and the nuclear envelope is breaking down — this is late prophase.
- So both A and F represent prophase, but at different stages.
✔ Correct answer: Prophase
---
2) Which cell is in metaphase?
Answer: *C*
- Explanation:
- In metaphase, chromosomes line up at the equator (middle) of the cell, attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles.
- Cell C clearly shows chromosomes aligned at the center — this is metaphase.
✔ Correct answer: C
---
3) Which cell is in the first phase of mitosis?
Answer: *A* (if considering prophase as the first phase of mitosis)
- Explanation:
- Mitosis has four main phases: Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase
- The first phase of mitosis is prophase, which begins after interphase.
- Cell A shows early prophase (chromosomes condensing, nucleolus still visible), so it is the start of mitosis.
⚠️ Note: If someone considers interphase as part of the cell cycle before mitosis, then D could be seen as the "starting point" of the entire cycle. But the question asks for the first phase of mitosis, not the cell cycle.
✔ Correct answer: A
---
4) In cell A, what structure is labeled X?
Answer: *Centrioles*
- Explanation:
- Structure X is near the nucleus and appears as two small dots connected by a filament.
- These are centrioles, which help organize the spindle apparatus during mitosis.
- Centrioles move to opposite poles during prophase.
✔ Correct answer: Centrioles
---
5) Which cell is in the “in between” phase of mitosis?
Answer: *D*
- Explanation:
- The "in between" phase refers to interphase, which occurs before mitosis and includes G₁, S, and G₂ phases.
- During interphase, the cell grows, DNA replicates, and prepares for division.
- Cell D shows a large nucleus, no visible chromosomes (they are uncondensed), and no spindle fibers — typical of interphase.
- It’s the resting phase between divisions.
✔ Correct answer: D
---
6) Place the diagrams in order from first to last.
Answer: *A, F, C, E, B, D*
- Let’s break down the sequence:
| Cell | Phase | Description |
|------|-------|-------------|
| D | Interphase | Pre-mitotic; normal cell with nucleus, no division signs |
| A | Early Prophase | Chromosomes condensing, centrioles separating |
| F | Late Prophase | Nuclear envelope breaking down, spindle forming |
| C | Metaphase | Chromosomes aligned at equator |
| E | Anaphase | Sister chromatids pulled apart toward poles |
| B | Telophase | Chromosomes decondensing, nuclei reforming, cleavage furrow forming |
Wait! But D is interphase, which comes before mitosis. So the correct order of mitotic events should begin with A, then F, C, E, B, and finally D (as the daughter cell).
But here’s the key: D is shown as a single cell with a nucleus, suggesting it’s after division — a daughter cell that has completed mitosis.
So the full cycle would be:
1. D → Interphase (cell preparing)
2. A → Early Prophase
3. F → Late Prophase
4. C → Metaphase
5. E → Anaphase
6. B → Telophase
Then the process repeats with D again (the new daughter cell).
So the correct order of mitosis (excluding interphase as the starting point) is:
> A → F → C → E → B → D
But if we include the entire cell cycle, then:
> D (interphase) → A → F → C → E → B → D (new cell)
However, since the question says "place the diagrams in order from first to last", and D appears as the final product, the intended answer is likely:
> A, F, C, E, B, D
This represents the mitotic phases only, ending with the formation of two daughter cells (B), and D being one of them.
✔ Answer: A, F, C, E, B, D — Correct
Note: Some might argue D should come first, but since the task is about mitosis, and D is a post-mitotic cell, A is the start of mitosis.
---
7) Are the cells depicted plant or animal cells? Explain your answer.
Answer: *Animal cells – round in shape*
- Explanation:
- Animal cells are typically round or spherical and lack a rigid cell wall.
- Plant cells are usually rectangular due to a rigid cell wall.
- Additionally, animal cells have centrioles (labeled X in A), which are absent in most plant cells.
- Also, cleavage furrow (seen in cell B) forms in animal cells during cytokinesis.
- Plant cells form a cell plate instead.
✔ Correct answer: Animal cells — because they are round, have centrioles, and show cleavage furrow.
---
8) What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Answer: *D*
- Explanation:
- The longest phase of the cell cycle is interphase, which includes G₁, S, and G₂.
- This is when the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for division.
- Cell D represents interphase — it takes up the majority of the cell cycle time (about 90%).
- Mitotic phases (prophase, metaphase, etc.) are much shorter.
✔ Correct answer: D (Interphase)
---
9) Why is mitosis important?
Answer: *Allows cells to reproduce, making exact copies of themselves.*
- Explanation:
- Mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parent cell’s DNA.
- It is essential for:
- Growth (e.g., from embryo to adult)
- Repair (e.g., healing wounds)
- Asexual reproduction in some organisms
- Maintenance of tissue function
✔ Correct answer: Yes — accurate and concise.
---
✔ Final Summary of Answers:
| Question | Answer | Correct? | Explanation |
|--------|--------|---------|------------|
| 1 | Prophase | ✔ | A = early, F = late prophase |
| 2 | C | ✔ | Chromosomes aligned at equator |
| 3 | A | ✔ | First phase of mitosis is prophase |
| 4 | Centrioles | ✔ | Labeled X in A |
| 5 | D | ✔ | Interphase — "in between" mitotic phases |
| 6 | A, F, C, E, B, D | ✔ | Order of mitotic phases |
| 7 | Animal cells — round shape, cleavage furrow, centrioles | ✔ | Key features distinguish animal cells |
| 8 | D | ✔ | Interphase is the longest phase |
| 9 | Allows cells to reproduce, making exact copies | ✔ | Accurate explanation |
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🟩 Overall: The worksheet answers are mostly correct and well-reasoned!
Great job on the responses — all answers align with biological principles and the diagram. Just make sure to clarify that interphase (D) is not part of mitosis, but precedes it. And note that mitosis ends with telophase (B), while D is the resulting daughter cell.
Well done!
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of the cell cycle worksheet answers.
