Let's solve the worksheet step by step and provide clear explanations for each type of rock.
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Worksheet 1: Rock Types
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1. What is Sedimentary rock made up of?
Answer:
Sedimentary rock is made up of
sediments—small particles of rock, minerals, organic matter (like plant or animal remains), and other materials that have been weathered, eroded, transported, and then deposited. These sediments are compacted and cemented together over time to form sedimentary rock.
Explanation:
- Examples of sediments include sand, silt, clay, and fragments of shells or bones.
- The image shows fossils and layered textures, which are typical features of sedimentary rocks like sandstone, shale, or limestone.
- Common processes: weathering → erosion → deposition → compaction → cementation.
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2. What is Metamorphic rock made up of?
Answer:
Metamorphic rock is made up of
existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) that have been changed by heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids deep within the Earth’s crust.
Explanation:
- The original rock (called the "parent rock") undergoes physical and chemical changes without melting.
- These changes can cause minerals to recrystallize, forming new textures or layers.
- Example: Limestone becomes marble; shale becomes slate.
- The image shows a rough, folded-looking rock, suggesting deformation due to pressure—typical of metamorphic rocks.
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3. What is Igneous rock made up of?
Answer:
Igneous rock is made up of
minerals that crystallize from molten rock material (magma or lava) as it cools and solidifies.
Explanation:
- If magma cools slowly beneath the Earth’s surface, it forms
intrusive igneous rocks (e.g., granite).
- If lava cools quickly on the surface, it forms
extrusive igneous rocks (e.g., basalt).
- The image shows a sharp, angular rock with visible crystals, which is characteristic of igneous rocks formed from cooled magma.
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✔ Summary Table:
| Rock Type | Made Up Of | How It Forms |
|-------------------|--------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
|
Sedimentary | Sediments (rock fragments, minerals, fossils) | Compaction & cementation of sediments |
|
Metamorphic | Existing rocks changed by heat/pressure | Transformation under high heat and pressure |
|
Igneous | Crystallized minerals from magma/lava | Cooling and solidification of molten rock |
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✔ This worksheet helps students understand the three main types of rocks and their origins based on visual clues and basic geological processes.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of types of rock worksheet.
