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Step-by-step solution for: Naming and writing formulas for ionic compounds worksheet | Live ...
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Step-by-step solution for: Naming and writing formulas for ionic compounds worksheet | Live ...
Let’s go step by step to name or write the formula for each ionic compound.
Ionic compounds are made of a metal (or ammonium) and a nonmetal (or polyatomic ion). The key is to balance the charges so the total charge is zero.
We’ll use common rules:
- For metals with fixed charges (like Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, etc.), just use the element name.
- For metals that can have more than one charge (like Fe, Cu, Pb, Cr, etc.), we use Roman numerals to show the charge — this is given in the name or must be figured out from the formula.
- Polyatomic ions (like CO₃²⁻, OH⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, CN⁻, CH₃COO⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻, etc.) keep their special names.
- When writing formulas, swap the charges to become subscripts (and reduce if needed).
---
Left Column: Given Formula → Write Name
1) Na₂CO₃
Sodium + carbonate → Sodium carbonate
2) NaOH
Sodium + hydroxide → Sodium hydroxide
3) MgBr₂
Magnesium + bromide → Magnesium bromide
4) KCl
Potassium + chloride → Potassium chloride
5) FeCl₂
Iron has variable charge. Cl is -1, two Cl = -2 → Fe must be +2 → Iron(II) chloride
6) FeCl₃
Three Cl⁻ = -3 → Fe must be +3 → Iron(III) chloride
7) Zn(OH)₂
Zinc usually only has +2 charge → Zinc hydroxide
8) Be₂SO₄
Wait — Be is +2, SO₄ is -2 → Should be BeSO₄. But here it says Be₂SO₄? That would imply Be is +1? That’s not right. Actually, beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄. This might be a typo in the worksheet. But since it's written as Be₂SO₄, let’s check: If SO₄ is -2, then two Be atoms must total +2 → each Be is +1? Not standard. Hmm. Maybe it’s meant to be BeSO₄? But we have to go with what’s written. Alternatively, perhaps it’s Be₂(SO₄) something? No. Let me double-check: Beryllium forms Be²⁺, sulfate is SO₄²⁻ → formula should be BeSO₄. So Be₂SO₄ is incorrect. But since the problem gives it, maybe it’s a trick? Or perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ meaning two Be and one SO₄ — which would require Be to be +1, which doesn’t exist. I think this is an error. But for the sake of answering, if forced: “Beryllium sulfate” but note the formula is wrong. However, looking at #28, it asks for beryllium chloride — which is BeCl₂. So likely #8 is miswritten. Perhaps it’s BeSO₄? But it says Be₂SO₄. Wait — maybe it’s Be₂SO₄ as in two Be and one SO₄ — that would mean total positive charge +2 (if each Be is +1) — no. I think it’s a mistake. But let’s assume it’s BeSO₄ and they wrote it wrong? Or perhaps it’s Be₂(SO₄)₁ — still same issue. Another thought: sometimes people write hydrates or other things, but no. I’ll go with “Beryllium sulfate” and note the formula should be BeSO₄. But since the question gives Be₂SO₄, perhaps it’s intentional? Let me calculate: if Be is +2, then two Be = +4, SO₄ = -2 → not balanced. So impossible. Therefore, I suspect it’s a typo and should be BeSO₄. But to answer as given: maybe “Diberyllium sulfate”? Not standard. I think best to say “Beryllium sulfate” and assume typo. But let’s look ahead — #20 is Be(CH₃COO)₂ — that’s correct because acetate is -1, so two needed. So for #8, if it were BeSO₄, it would be fine. Since it’s written Be₂SO₄, perhaps it’s meant to be Be₂SO₄ with Be being +1? Not real. I’ll proceed assuming it’s a typo and answer as “Beryllium sulfate”. But wait — maybe it’s Be₂SO₄ as in the compound exists? Quick search in mind: no, beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄. So I’ll write “Beryllium sulfate” and move on. (In reality, this formula is incorrect, but for homework purposes, we'll name it as if it were correct — but it’s not chemically possible. Perhaps it’s BeSO₄ and the 2 is a subscript error.) To avoid confusion, I’ll treat it as BeSO₄ → Beryllium sulfate.
Actually, let’s re-read: it says Be₂SO₄. Maybe it’s Be₂(SO₄) but that doesn’t help. Another idea: perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ meaning two Be atoms and one SO₄ group — which requires the sulfate to have -4 charge? No. I think it’s safe to say this is likely a typo and should be BeSO₄. So I’ll answer “Beryllium sulfate”.
But to be precise, if we must name Be₂SO₄, it would imply Be has +1 oxidation state, which is not typical. So I’ll skip and come back. Let’s do others first.
9) CrF₂
Chromium fluoride. F is -1, two F = -2 → Cr is +2 → Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Al₂S₃
Aluminum sulfide (Al is always +3, S is -2; 2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6 → balanced)
11) PbO
Lead oxide. O is -2 → Pb must be +2 → Lead(II) oxide
12) Li₃PO₄
Lithium phosphate (Li is +1, PO₄ is -3; 3*+1=+3, matches)
13) TiI₄
Titanium iodide. I is -1, four I = -4 → Ti is +4 → Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Co₃N₂
Cobalt nitride. N is -3, two N = -6 → three Co must total +6 → each Co is +2 → Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Mg₃P₂
Magnesium phosphide (Mg +2, P -3; 3*+2=+6, 2*-3=-6)
16) Ga(NO₂)₃
Gallium nitrite (Ga is +3, NO₂ is -1; three NO₂ = -3)
17) Ag₂SO₃
Silver sulfite. Ag is usually +1, two Ag = +2, SO₃ is -2 → Silver sulfite (no Roman numeral needed for silver, as it’s almost always +1)
18) NH₄OH
Ammonium hydroxide (NH₄⁺ and OH⁻)
19) Al(CN)₃
Aluminum cyanide (Al +3, CN -1)
20) Be(CH₃COO)₂
Beryllium acetate (Be +2, CH₃COO -1; two needed)
Now back to #8: Be₂SO₄ — as discussed, this is chemically incorrect. But if we force it, perhaps it’s “Beryllium sulfate” and ignore the subscript error. Or maybe it’s a different compound. I recall that some sources might list it incorrectly. For accuracy, I’ll note that the correct formula for beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄, so Be₂SO₄ is likely a typo. But since the problem lists it, I’ll write “Beryllium sulfate” anyway, assuming the 2 is a mistake.
Alternatively, perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ as in the empirical formula? No. I think for the purpose of this exercise, we’ll go with “Beryllium sulfate”.
---
Right Column: Given Name → Write Formula
21) sodium phosphide
Na⁺ and P³⁻ → Na₃P
22) magnesium nitrate
Mg²⁺ and NO₃⁻ → Mg(NO₃)₂
23) lead (II) sulfite
Pb²⁺ and SO₃²⁻ → PbSO₃
24) calcium phosphate
Ca²⁺ and PO₄³⁻ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (swap charges: 3 Ca, 2 PO₄)
25) ammonium sulfate
NH₄⁺ and SO₄²⁻ → (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) silver cyanide
Ag⁺ and CN → AgCN
27) aluminum sulfide
Al³⁺ and S²⁻ → Al₂S₃
28) beryllium chloride
Be²⁺ and Cl → BeCl₂
29) copper (I) arsenide
Cu⁺ and As³⁻ → Cu₃As (because 3*(+1) = +3, As is -3)
30) iron (III) oxide
Fe³⁺ and O²⁻ → Fe₂O₃ (2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6)
31) gallium nitride
Ga³⁺ and N³⁻ → GaN
32) iron (II) bromide
Fe²⁺ and Br⁻ → FeBr₂
33) vanadium (V) phosphate
V⁵⁺ and PO³⁻ → V₃(PO₄)₅? Wait, let’s balance: least common multiple of 5 and 3 is 15. So 3 V⁵⁺ = +15, 5 PO₄³⁻ = -15 → V₃(PO₄)₅
34) calcium oxide
Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ → CaO
35) magnesium acetate
Mg²⁺ and CHCOO⁻ → Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) aluminum sulfate
Al³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ (2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6)
37) copper (I) carbonate
Cu⁺ and CO₃²⁻ → Cu₂CO₃ (two Cu⁺ = +2, CO₃²⁻ = -2)
38) barium oxide
Ba²⁺ and O²⁻ → BaO
39) ammonium sulfite
NH₄⁺ and SO₃²⁻ → (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) silver bromide
Ag⁺ and Br⁻ → AgBr
---
Now, let’s compile all answers carefully.
For #8, after double-checking, I found that beryllium sulfate is indeed BeSO₄. The formula Be₂SO₄ is incorrect. However, since the worksheet lists it, and to avoid leaving blank, I’ll assume it’s a typo and answer “Beryllium sulfate”. If the teacher expects based on the formula given, it might be marked wrong, but chemically it’s invalid. Perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ as in a different context? Unlikely. I’ll proceed.
Also, for #14: Co₃N₂ — cobalt(II) nitride is correct, as N is -3, so two N = -6, three Co = +6, so each Co is +2.
For #33: vanadium(V) phosphate — V⁵⁺ and PO₄³⁻ → to balance, need 3 V and 5 PO₄ → V₃(PO₄)₅
All others seem straightforward.
Final Answers:
1) Sodium carbonate
2) Sodium hydroxide
3) Magnesium bromide
4) Potassium chloride
5) Iron(II) chloride
6) Iron(III) chloride
7) Zinc hydroxide
8) Beryllium sulfate [Note: formula should be BeSO₄]
9) Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Aluminum sulfide
11) Lead(II) oxide
12) Lithium phosphate
13) Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Magnesium phosphide
16) Gallium nitrite
17) Silver sulfite
18) Ammonium hydroxide
19) Aluminum cyanide
20) Beryllium acetate
21) Na₃P
22) Mg(NO₃)₂
23) PbSO₃
24) Ca₃(PO₄)₂
25) (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) AgCN
27) Al₂S₃
28) BeCl₂
29) Cu₃As
30) Fe₂O₃
31) GaN
32) FeBr₂
33) V₃(PO₄)₅
34) CaO
35) Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) Al₂(SO₄)₃
37) Cu₂CO₃
38) BaO
39) (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) AgBr
I’ve verified each one for charge balance.
Final Answer:
1) Sodium carbonate
2) Sodium hydroxide
3) Magnesium bromide
4) Potassium chloride
5) Iron(II) chloride
6) Iron(III) chloride
7) Zinc hydroxide
8) Beryllium sulfate
9) Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Aluminum sulfide
11) Lead(II) oxide
12) Lithium phosphate
13) Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Magnesium phosphide
16) Gallium nitrite
17) Silver sulfite
18) Ammonium hydroxide
19) Aluminum cyanide
20) Beryllium acetate
21) Na₃P
22) Mg(NO₃)₂
23) PbSO₃
24) Ca₃(PO)₂
25) (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) AgCN
27) Al₂S₃
28) BeCl₂
29) Cu₃As
30) Fe₂O₃
31) GaN
32) FeBr₂
33) V₃(PO₄)₅
34) CaO
35) Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) Al₂(SO₄)₃
37) Cu₂CO₃
38) BaO
39) (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) AgBr
Ionic compounds are made of a metal (or ammonium) and a nonmetal (or polyatomic ion). The key is to balance the charges so the total charge is zero.
We’ll use common rules:
- For metals with fixed charges (like Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, etc.), just use the element name.
- For metals that can have more than one charge (like Fe, Cu, Pb, Cr, etc.), we use Roman numerals to show the charge — this is given in the name or must be figured out from the formula.
- Polyatomic ions (like CO₃²⁻, OH⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, CN⁻, CH₃COO⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻, etc.) keep their special names.
- When writing formulas, swap the charges to become subscripts (and reduce if needed).
---
Left Column: Given Formula → Write Name
1) Na₂CO₃
Sodium + carbonate → Sodium carbonate
2) NaOH
Sodium + hydroxide → Sodium hydroxide
3) MgBr₂
Magnesium + bromide → Magnesium bromide
4) KCl
Potassium + chloride → Potassium chloride
5) FeCl₂
Iron has variable charge. Cl is -1, two Cl = -2 → Fe must be +2 → Iron(II) chloride
6) FeCl₃
Three Cl⁻ = -3 → Fe must be +3 → Iron(III) chloride
7) Zn(OH)₂
Zinc usually only has +2 charge → Zinc hydroxide
8) Be₂SO₄
Wait — Be is +2, SO₄ is -2 → Should be BeSO₄. But here it says Be₂SO₄? That would imply Be is +1? That’s not right. Actually, beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄. This might be a typo in the worksheet. But since it's written as Be₂SO₄, let’s check: If SO₄ is -2, then two Be atoms must total +2 → each Be is +1? Not standard. Hmm. Maybe it’s meant to be BeSO₄? But we have to go with what’s written. Alternatively, perhaps it’s Be₂(SO₄) something? No. Let me double-check: Beryllium forms Be²⁺, sulfate is SO₄²⁻ → formula should be BeSO₄. So Be₂SO₄ is incorrect. But since the problem gives it, maybe it’s a trick? Or perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ meaning two Be and one SO₄ — which would require Be to be +1, which doesn’t exist. I think this is an error. But for the sake of answering, if forced: “Beryllium sulfate” but note the formula is wrong. However, looking at #28, it asks for beryllium chloride — which is BeCl₂. So likely #8 is miswritten. Perhaps it’s BeSO₄? But it says Be₂SO₄. Wait — maybe it’s Be₂SO₄ as in two Be and one SO₄ — that would mean total positive charge +2 (if each Be is +1) — no. I think it’s a mistake. But let’s assume it’s BeSO₄ and they wrote it wrong? Or perhaps it’s Be₂(SO₄)₁ — still same issue. Another thought: sometimes people write hydrates or other things, but no. I’ll go with “Beryllium sulfate” and note the formula should be BeSO₄. But since the question gives Be₂SO₄, perhaps it’s intentional? Let me calculate: if Be is +2, then two Be = +4, SO₄ = -2 → not balanced. So impossible. Therefore, I suspect it’s a typo and should be BeSO₄. But to answer as given: maybe “Diberyllium sulfate”? Not standard. I think best to say “Beryllium sulfate” and assume typo. But let’s look ahead — #20 is Be(CH₃COO)₂ — that’s correct because acetate is -1, so two needed. So for #8, if it were BeSO₄, it would be fine. Since it’s written Be₂SO₄, perhaps it’s meant to be Be₂SO₄ with Be being +1? Not real. I’ll proceed assuming it’s a typo and answer as “Beryllium sulfate”. But wait — maybe it’s Be₂SO₄ as in the compound exists? Quick search in mind: no, beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄. So I’ll write “Beryllium sulfate” and move on. (In reality, this formula is incorrect, but for homework purposes, we'll name it as if it were correct — but it’s not chemically possible. Perhaps it’s BeSO₄ and the 2 is a subscript error.) To avoid confusion, I’ll treat it as BeSO₄ → Beryllium sulfate.
Actually, let’s re-read: it says Be₂SO₄. Maybe it’s Be₂(SO₄) but that doesn’t help. Another idea: perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ meaning two Be atoms and one SO₄ group — which requires the sulfate to have -4 charge? No. I think it’s safe to say this is likely a typo and should be BeSO₄. So I’ll answer “Beryllium sulfate”.
But to be precise, if we must name Be₂SO₄, it would imply Be has +1 oxidation state, which is not typical. So I’ll skip and come back. Let’s do others first.
9) CrF₂
Chromium fluoride. F is -1, two F = -2 → Cr is +2 → Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Al₂S₃
Aluminum sulfide (Al is always +3, S is -2; 2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6 → balanced)
11) PbO
Lead oxide. O is -2 → Pb must be +2 → Lead(II) oxide
12) Li₃PO₄
Lithium phosphate (Li is +1, PO₄ is -3; 3*+1=+3, matches)
13) TiI₄
Titanium iodide. I is -1, four I = -4 → Ti is +4 → Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Co₃N₂
Cobalt nitride. N is -3, two N = -6 → three Co must total +6 → each Co is +2 → Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Mg₃P₂
Magnesium phosphide (Mg +2, P -3; 3*+2=+6, 2*-3=-6)
16) Ga(NO₂)₃
Gallium nitrite (Ga is +3, NO₂ is -1; three NO₂ = -3)
17) Ag₂SO₃
Silver sulfite. Ag is usually +1, two Ag = +2, SO₃ is -2 → Silver sulfite (no Roman numeral needed for silver, as it’s almost always +1)
18) NH₄OH
Ammonium hydroxide (NH₄⁺ and OH⁻)
19) Al(CN)₃
Aluminum cyanide (Al +3, CN -1)
20) Be(CH₃COO)₂
Beryllium acetate (Be +2, CH₃COO -1; two needed)
Now back to #8: Be₂SO₄ — as discussed, this is chemically incorrect. But if we force it, perhaps it’s “Beryllium sulfate” and ignore the subscript error. Or maybe it’s a different compound. I recall that some sources might list it incorrectly. For accuracy, I’ll note that the correct formula for beryllium sulfate is BeSO₄, so Be₂SO₄ is likely a typo. But since the problem lists it, I’ll write “Beryllium sulfate” anyway, assuming the 2 is a mistake.
Alternatively, perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ as in the empirical formula? No. I think for the purpose of this exercise, we’ll go with “Beryllium sulfate”.
---
Right Column: Given Name → Write Formula
21) sodium phosphide
Na⁺ and P³⁻ → Na₃P
22) magnesium nitrate
Mg²⁺ and NO₃⁻ → Mg(NO₃)₂
23) lead (II) sulfite
Pb²⁺ and SO₃²⁻ → PbSO₃
24) calcium phosphate
Ca²⁺ and PO₄³⁻ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (swap charges: 3 Ca, 2 PO₄)
25) ammonium sulfate
NH₄⁺ and SO₄²⁻ → (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) silver cyanide
Ag⁺ and CN → AgCN
27) aluminum sulfide
Al³⁺ and S²⁻ → Al₂S₃
28) beryllium chloride
Be²⁺ and Cl → BeCl₂
29) copper (I) arsenide
Cu⁺ and As³⁻ → Cu₃As (because 3*(+1) = +3, As is -3)
30) iron (III) oxide
Fe³⁺ and O²⁻ → Fe₂O₃ (2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6)
31) gallium nitride
Ga³⁺ and N³⁻ → GaN
32) iron (II) bromide
Fe²⁺ and Br⁻ → FeBr₂
33) vanadium (V) phosphate
V⁵⁺ and PO³⁻ → V₃(PO₄)₅? Wait, let’s balance: least common multiple of 5 and 3 is 15. So 3 V⁵⁺ = +15, 5 PO₄³⁻ = -15 → V₃(PO₄)₅
34) calcium oxide
Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ → CaO
35) magnesium acetate
Mg²⁺ and CHCOO⁻ → Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) aluminum sulfate
Al³⁺ and SO₄²⁻ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ (2*+3=+6, 3*-2=-6)
37) copper (I) carbonate
Cu⁺ and CO₃²⁻ → Cu₂CO₃ (two Cu⁺ = +2, CO₃²⁻ = -2)
38) barium oxide
Ba²⁺ and O²⁻ → BaO
39) ammonium sulfite
NH₄⁺ and SO₃²⁻ → (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) silver bromide
Ag⁺ and Br⁻ → AgBr
---
Now, let’s compile all answers carefully.
For #8, after double-checking, I found that beryllium sulfate is indeed BeSO₄. The formula Be₂SO₄ is incorrect. However, since the worksheet lists it, and to avoid leaving blank, I’ll assume it’s a typo and answer “Beryllium sulfate”. If the teacher expects based on the formula given, it might be marked wrong, but chemically it’s invalid. Perhaps it’s Be₂SO₄ as in a different context? Unlikely. I’ll proceed.
Also, for #14: Co₃N₂ — cobalt(II) nitride is correct, as N is -3, so two N = -6, three Co = +6, so each Co is +2.
For #33: vanadium(V) phosphate — V⁵⁺ and PO₄³⁻ → to balance, need 3 V and 5 PO₄ → V₃(PO₄)₅
All others seem straightforward.
Final Answers:
1) Sodium carbonate
2) Sodium hydroxide
3) Magnesium bromide
4) Potassium chloride
5) Iron(II) chloride
6) Iron(III) chloride
7) Zinc hydroxide
8) Beryllium sulfate [Note: formula should be BeSO₄]
9) Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Aluminum sulfide
11) Lead(II) oxide
12) Lithium phosphate
13) Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Magnesium phosphide
16) Gallium nitrite
17) Silver sulfite
18) Ammonium hydroxide
19) Aluminum cyanide
20) Beryllium acetate
21) Na₃P
22) Mg(NO₃)₂
23) PbSO₃
24) Ca₃(PO₄)₂
25) (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) AgCN
27) Al₂S₃
28) BeCl₂
29) Cu₃As
30) Fe₂O₃
31) GaN
32) FeBr₂
33) V₃(PO₄)₅
34) CaO
35) Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) Al₂(SO₄)₃
37) Cu₂CO₃
38) BaO
39) (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) AgBr
I’ve verified each one for charge balance.
Final Answer:
1) Sodium carbonate
2) Sodium hydroxide
3) Magnesium bromide
4) Potassium chloride
5) Iron(II) chloride
6) Iron(III) chloride
7) Zinc hydroxide
8) Beryllium sulfate
9) Chromium(II) fluoride
10) Aluminum sulfide
11) Lead(II) oxide
12) Lithium phosphate
13) Titanium(IV) iodide
14) Cobalt(II) nitride
15) Magnesium phosphide
16) Gallium nitrite
17) Silver sulfite
18) Ammonium hydroxide
19) Aluminum cyanide
20) Beryllium acetate
21) Na₃P
22) Mg(NO₃)₂
23) PbSO₃
24) Ca₃(PO)₂
25) (NH₄)₂SO₄
26) AgCN
27) Al₂S₃
28) BeCl₂
29) Cu₃As
30) Fe₂O₃
31) GaN
32) FeBr₂
33) V₃(PO₄)₅
34) CaO
35) Mg(CH₃COO)₂
36) Al₂(SO₄)₃
37) Cu₂CO₃
38) BaO
39) (NH₄)₂SO₃
40) AgBr
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of writing ionic compounds worksheet.
