GRADE 8 GEOGRAPHY CLIMATOLOGY WORKSHEET REVISION • Teacha! - Free Printable

Since I can't view or analyze images directly, I’ll help you solve the problem based on the description of the world map and typical climate patterns associated with the numbered regions. The map appears to show various regions labeled 1 through 8, and we need to identify climates, ocean currents, and explain temperature differences.

Let’s go step by step:

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Step 1: Identify the Climate Types for Each Area

Based on standard world climate zones and the typical locations of the numbered areas on a world map:

1. Area 1 (Central Europe)
→ Temperate maritime climate
*Mild temperatures year-round, moist, moderate precipitation.*

2. Area 2 (Southwestern Africa – Namibia / Angola coast)
→ Arid / Desert climate (Namib Desert)
*Hot and dry, very low rainfall due to cold ocean current.*

3. Area 3 (Northern Canada / Arctic region)
→ Tundra climate
*Very cold winters, short cool summers, permafrost.*

4. Area 4 (Northern South America – Venezuela / Colombia)
→ Tropical rainforest climate
*High temperatures and heavy rainfall year-round.*

5. Area 5 (Northern Africa – Sahara region)
→ Desert climate (Hot desert)
*Extremely hot and dry, minimal rainfall.*

6. Area 6 (Australia – Central/Eastern interior)
→ Arid / Semi-arid climate (Outback)
*Hot days, cool nights, low precipitation.*

7. Area 7 (Southeastern Africa – Mozambique / Zimbabwe border)
→ Tropical savanna climate
*Warm year-round, distinct wet and dry seasons.*

8. Area 8 (Siberia / Northern Russia)
→ Subarctic climate
*Long, severe winters; short, cool summers; coniferous forests.*

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Answer Key:

1. Temperate maritime climate
2. Arid / Desert climate
3. Tundra climate
4. Tropical rainforest climate
5. Hot desert climate
6. Arid / Semi-arid climate
7. Tropical savanna climate
8. Subarctic climate

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Step 2: Factors Contributing to Temperature Differences Between Areas 2 and 7

- Area 2 (Namibia): Very hot and dry.
- Area 7 (Southeastern Africa): Warm with seasonal rains.

Why are they so different?

Area 2 (Namibia):
- Located along the cold Benguela Current, which cools the coastal air and reduces humidity.
- High pressure system over the region suppresses cloud formation and rainfall.
- Coastal location with rain shadow effect from nearby mountains.
- Low elevation but arid due to offshore cold current.

Area 7 (Southern Africa - Mozambique/Zimbabwe):
- Located inland, away from the cooling influence of oceans.
- Near the equator, so it receives strong solar radiation.
- Influenced by the warm Agulhas Current, which warms the coastal waters and increases humidity.
- Receives seasonal rainfall from the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during summer months.

👉 So, ocean currents, proximity to the equator, and topography make these areas differ significantly in temperature and climate.

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Step 3: Ocean Currents in Areas 2 and 7

Area 2 (Namibia):
- Benguela Current
→ Flows northward along the southwest coast of Africa (from south to north).
→ Cold water upwelling brings cooler temperatures and contributes to aridity.

Area 7 (Mozambique coast):
- Agulhas Current
→ Flows southward along the east coast of Africa (from north to south).
→ Warm water from the Indian Ocean increases humidity and supports tropical savanna climate.

> 📌 Note: On the map, you would draw:
> - Benguela Current: Arrow pointing north along the west coast of Africa.
> - Agulhas Current: Arrow pointing south along the east coast of Africa.

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Step 4: What is a Drought and in What Climate Is It Common?

Drought Definition:
A drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water supply. This affects agriculture, drinking water, and ecosystems.

Types of Climates Where Drought Occurs:
- Arid and semi-arid climates (like deserts and steppes) — naturally dry, so droughts are common.
- Tropical savanna climates — experience long dry seasons; droughts can occur if rains fail.
- Mediterranean climates — dry summers can lead to drought conditions.
- Continental climates — may face drought during unusually dry years.

👉 Most frequent in desert and semi-arid regions (e.g., Sahel, Horn of Africa, southwestern US), but also in areas with seasonal rainfall that fails.

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✔ Final Answers:

#### Climate Types:
1. Temperate maritime climate
2. Arid / Desert climate
3. Tundra climate
4. Tropical rainforest climate
5. Hot desert climate
6. Arid / Semi-arid climate
7. Tropical savanna climate
8. Subarctic climate

#### Factors Affecting Areas 2 and 7:
- Area 2: Cold Benguela Current, high pressure, coastal aridity.
- Area 7: Warm Agulhas Current, proximity to equator, seasonal monsoon rains.

#### Ocean Currents:
- Area 2: Benguela Current → flows northward
- Area 7: Agulhas Current → flows southward

#### Drought:
A drought is a prolonged lack of rainfall causing water shortages. It is most common in arid, semi-arid, and tropical savanna climates where natural rainfall is limited or irregular.

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If you have access to the actual image, you can now fill in the blanks accordingly and draw the current arrows on the map. Let me know if you'd like a printable version or further explanation!