- Alterations in Health (Diagnosis): Use lab results of pH, pCO2, pO2, and bicarbonate concentration to differentiate between respiratory alkalosis/acidosis and metabolic alkalosis/acidosis.
- Pathophysiology Related to Client Problem: Metabolic acid-base imbalances stem from kidney-related acid/base production/excretion imbalances; respiratory imbalances arise from lung/breathing disorders affecting CO2 exhalation.
- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Stay hydrated, encourage healthy diet, limit alcohol, quit smoking, maintain weight.
- Risk Factors: Diarrhea/dehydration, fever/hypoxia, seizure/aspirin overdose, alcohol overdose/renal failure.
- Expected Findings: Confusion (can progress to stupor/coma), lightheadedness, muscle twitching, nausea/vomiting, numbness/tingling in face/hands/feet, prolonged muscle spasms.
- Safety Considerations: Maintain hydration, maintain diabetes medication regimen, avoid laxatives/restrictive diets, avoid excessive alcohol, implement seizure precautions.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of acid base disorders worksheet.
