1. a) Arrhenius: acid produces H⁺, base produces OH⁻
b) Brønsted-Lowry: acid donates H⁺, base accepts H⁺
c) Lewis: acid accepts electron pair, base donates electron pair
2. a) HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻ (Arrhenius acid)
b) NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ (Brønsted-Lowry base)
c) BF₃ + NH₃ → F₃B:NH₃ (Lewis acid-base adduct)
3. a) HClO₄ (strong acid)
b) CH₃COOH (weak acid)
c) NaOH (strong base)
d) NH₃ (weak base)
4. a) HNO₃ + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + NO₃⁻
b) NH₃ + H₂O ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
5. a) HClO₄ (strong acid)
b) H₂SO₄ (strong acid)
c) HNO₃ (strong acid)
d) HF (weak acid)
e) CH₃COOH (weak acid)
f) HCN (weak acid)
6. a) Strong acid: completely dissociates in water
b) Weak acid: partially dissociates in water
c) Strong base: completely dissociates in water
d) Weak base: partially dissociates in water
7. a) HCl (strong acid)
b) H₂SO₄ (strong acid)
c) HNO₃ (strong acid)
d) HF (weak acid)
e) CH₃COOH (weak acid)
f) HCN (weak acid)
8. a) NaOH (strong base)
b) KOH (strong base)
c) Ca(OH)₂ (strong base)
d) NH₃ (weak base)
e) CH₃NH₂ (weak base)
f) C₅H₅N (weak base)
9. a) pH = 1.00
b) pOH = 13.00
c) [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M
d) [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹³ M
10. a) pH = 3.00
b) pOH = 11.00
c) [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻³ M
d) [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹¹ M
11. a) pH = 13.00
b) pOH = 1.00
c) [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹³ M
d) [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M
12. a) pH = 11.00
b) pOH = 3.00
c) [H⁺] = 1.0 × 10⁻¹¹ M
d) [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻³ M
13. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
14. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
15. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
16. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
17. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
18. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
19. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
20. a) Acidic
b) Basic
c) Neutral
d) Acidic
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of acid base theories and worksheet.
