Worksheet on mitosis with illustrated questions and answers.
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Step-by-step solution for: SOLUTION: Amoeba Sisters Video Select Recap Worksheet - Studypool
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: SOLUTION: Amoeba Sisters Video Select Recap Worksheet - Studypool
Let's go through each question on the Amoeba Sisters Video Recap of Mitosis worksheet and provide clear, accurate answers with explanations.
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Answer:
Cells that do not undergo mitosis include:
- Sperm and egg cells (gametes) – these are reproductive cells and are produced by meiosis, not mitosis.
- Nerve cells (neurons) – once mature, most neurons stop dividing and do not undergo mitosis.
- Muscle cells (skeletal and cardiac) – these are typically post-mitotic and do not divide after development.
- Red blood cells (erythrocytes) – they lack a nucleus and therefore cannot undergo mitosis.
Explanation:
Mitosis is for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in somatic (body) cells. However, certain specialized cells either lose the ability to divide or are formed via different processes (like meiosis for gametes).
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Answer:
1. Growth: Mitosis allows multicellular organisms to grow from a single fertilized egg into a complex organism by increasing the number of cells.
2. Repair and Regeneration: When tissues are damaged (e.g., a cut), mitosis helps replace dead or injured cells so the body can heal.
Explanation:
Mitosis ensures that new cells are genetically identical to the original, which is essential for maintaining tissue function and structure.
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Answer:
Identical (or genetically identical)
Explanation:
The cartoon shows two cells that look different — one blue and one red — suggesting inequality. But in real mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. The illustration is showing a *mistake* — mitosis does not create different-looking or non-identical cells.
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Answer:
If cells spent more time in mitosis than in interphase, they wouldn't have enough time to:
- Grow (interphase includes G1 phase),
- Replicate DNA (S phase),
- Prepare for division (G2 phase).
This could lead to:
- Incomplete or abnormal cell division,
- DNA damage due to insufficient repair time,
- Unhealthy or malfunctioning cells,
- Possibly cancer, as uncontrolled division without proper preparation is a hallmark of cancer.
Explanation:
Interphase (90%) is when the cell grows and copies its DNA. Mitosis (10%) is only the actual division process. Skipping or shortening interphase leads to errors.
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Answer:
A chromosome is made of:
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries genetic information,
- Proteins (such as histones), which help package and organize the DNA.
Explanation:
The diagram shows DNA wrapped around proteins to form chromatin, which condenses into visible chromosomes during cell division. This structure ensures DNA is compacted and can be accurately separated during mitosis.
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Answer:
46 chromosomes (or 23 pairs)
Explanation:
Human diploid cells have 46 chromosomes (23 from each parent). During mitosis, the chromosomes are duplicated during interphase, then separated evenly into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives 46 chromosomes, just like the parent cell. So, mitosis preserves the chromosome number.
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| Question | Answer |
|--------|--------|
| 1 | Sperm/egg cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, red blood cells |
| 2 | Growth and repair/healing |
| 3 | Genetically identical |
| 4 | Cells would be too small, DNA might not be copied properly, leading to mutations or cancer |
| 5 | Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins |
| 6 | 46 chromosomes |
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Let me know if you'd like a printable version or want to turn this into a study guide!
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1. Mitosis is done by your body cells. What types of cells do not undergo mitosis?
Answer:
Cells that do not undergo mitosis include:
- Sperm and egg cells (gametes) – these are reproductive cells and are produced by meiosis, not mitosis.
- Nerve cells (neurons) – once mature, most neurons stop dividing and do not undergo mitosis.
- Muscle cells (skeletal and cardiac) – these are typically post-mitotic and do not divide after development.
- Red blood cells (erythrocytes) – they lack a nucleus and therefore cannot undergo mitosis.
Explanation:
Mitosis is for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in somatic (body) cells. However, certain specialized cells either lose the ability to divide or are formed via different processes (like meiosis for gametes).
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2. Describe 2 ways that mitosis is important for your body.
Answer:
1. Growth: Mitosis allows multicellular organisms to grow from a single fertilized egg into a complex organism by increasing the number of cells.
2. Repair and Regeneration: When tissues are damaged (e.g., a cut), mitosis helps replace dead or injured cells so the body can heal.
Explanation:
Mitosis ensures that new cells are genetically identical to the original, which is essential for maintaining tissue function and structure.
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3. This illustration is trying to demonstrate something that mitosis is not. In mitosis, the cells that are created are _________.
Answer:
Identical (or genetically identical)
Explanation:
The cartoon shows two cells that look different — one blue and one red — suggesting inequality. But in real mitosis, the daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell. The illustration is showing a *mistake* — mitosis does not create different-looking or non-identical cells.
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4. Mitosis is just one small part of the cell cycle! Describe what would occur if cells were in mitosis more than they were in interphase.
Answer:
If cells spent more time in mitosis than in interphase, they wouldn't have enough time to:
- Grow (interphase includes G1 phase),
- Replicate DNA (S phase),
- Prepare for division (G2 phase).
This could lead to:
- Incomplete or abnormal cell division,
- DNA damage due to insufficient repair time,
- Unhealthy or malfunctioning cells,
- Possibly cancer, as uncontrolled division without proper preparation is a hallmark of cancer.
Explanation:
Interphase (90%) is when the cell grows and copies its DNA. Mitosis (10%) is only the actual division process. Skipping or shortening interphase leads to errors.
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5. When cells are dividing, it is important to understand that they have to move chromosomes equally to both cells. Based on this illustration, describe what a chromosome is made of.
Answer:
A chromosome is made of:
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries genetic information,
- Proteins (such as histones), which help package and organize the DNA.
Explanation:
The diagram shows DNA wrapped around proteins to form chromatin, which condenses into visible chromosomes during cell division. This structure ensures DNA is compacted and can be accurately separated during mitosis.
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6. Mitosis starts and ends with diploid cells. That means they have two sets of chromosomes (both parents each contribute a set). In humans, how many chromosomes should be in each of these diploid cells after mitosis?
Answer:
46 chromosomes (or 23 pairs)
Explanation:
Human diploid cells have 46 chromosomes (23 from each parent). During mitosis, the chromosomes are duplicated during interphase, then separated evenly into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives 46 chromosomes, just like the parent cell. So, mitosis preserves the chromosome number.
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✔ Summary of Answers:
| Question | Answer |
|--------|--------|
| 1 | Sperm/egg cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, red blood cells |
| 2 | Growth and repair/healing |
| 3 | Genetically identical |
| 4 | Cells would be too small, DNA might not be copied properly, leading to mutations or cancer |
| 5 | Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins |
| 6 | 46 chromosomes |
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