- Nucleus: Controls cell activities and contains genetic material (DNA).
- Mitochondrion: Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
- Ribosome: Synthesizes proteins by translating mRNA.
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance where organelles are suspended; site of many metabolic reactions.
- Cell membrane: Regulates movement of substances in and out of the cell; maintains homeostasis.
- Lysosome: Breaks down waste materials and cellular debris using enzymes.
- Golgi body: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
- Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Synthesizes proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER); transports materials.
- Vacuole: Stores water, ions, nutrients, and waste; maintains turgor pressure in plant cells.
- Chloroplast: Conducts photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose).
- Cell wall: Provides structural support and protection; found in plant cells, fungi, and some protists.
- Cytoskeleton: Maintains cell shape, enables cell movement, and facilitates intracellular transport.
- Centriole: Organizes microtubules during cell division; found in animal cells.
- Peroxisome: Breaks down fatty acids via beta-oxidation; detoxifies harmful substances.
- Nucleolus: Site of ribosome assembly within the nucleus.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of animal cell worksheet answer key.
