Educational worksheet for learning plant and animal cell structures, including labeling diagrams and completing sentences about cellular components and their functions.

Here's the complete solution to both parts of your cell biology worksheet.

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## 1. Complete the labeling of the cells

The diagram shows a plant cell (left) and an animal cell (right), with lines pointing to shared or unique organelles. You need to label each structure based on its position in both cells.

Here’s how to label them from top to bottom, matching the arrows:

| Arrow Position | Label (Organelle/Structure) |
|----------------|------------------------------|
| Topmost arrow | Cell Wall *(only in plant cell)* |
| Second arrow | Cell Membrane *(in both, but inner to cell wall in plant)* |
| Third arrow | Nucleus *(contains nucleolus, same in both)* |
| Fourth arrow | Cytoplasm *(jelly-like substance filling the cell)* |
| Fifth arrow | Mitochondrion *(powerhouse, in both)* |
| Sixth arrow | Vacuole *(large central in plant; small in animal)* |
| Bottom arrow | Chloroplast *(only in plant cell — green, for photosynthesis)* |

> ✔ Note: The cell wall and chloroplast are only in the plant cell. The vacuole is much larger in plant cells. All other labeled structures are present in both.

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## 2. Complete the blank parts

a)

Nucleus: contains the genetic material called, DNA, that enables the cell to perform its living functions & divide to form new cells.

> 💡 *The nucleus controls cell activities and holds DNA, which directs protein synthesis and cell division.*

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b)

Chloroplast: it is where the process of photosynthesis in plant cells occur. Contain chlorophyll, that is green in colour.

> 💡 *Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight to convert CO₂ and water into glucose and oxygen.*

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c)

Mitochondria: are small structures where the process of respiration occurs. During respiration, energy is released from food & used for cellular activities.

> 💡 *Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouse” of the cell — they produce ATP through cellular respiration.*

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d)

Cytoplasm: is a jelly like substance surrounding the organelle structures of the cell. It transports materials/nutrients around the cell & it is where the cell’s food are broken down.

> 💡 *Cytoplasm is the site of many metabolic reactions and helps move organelles and molecules within the cell.*

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e)

Cell wall: is a rigid layer on the outside of the cell. It protects the cell & gives it shape/structure & also allow water & fluids to pass through it.

> 💡 *Found only in plants, fungi, and some protists. Made of cellulose, it provides structural support and prevents bursting.*

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f)

Cell membrane: is the outer boundary/semi-permeable structure of the cell. It allows only some substances/molecules to pass through it.

> 💡 *Also called plasma membrane — regulates what enters and exits the cell via selective permeability.*

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g)

Vacuole: present in both plant & animal cells. It is storage space that contain water, salts, sugars, pigments, or waste surrounded by a membrane.

> 💡 *In plant cells, the central vacuole is huge and maintains turgor pressure. In animal cells, vacuoles are smaller and more numerous.*

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✔ Final Tip: When labeling diagrams, always match structures that are present in both cells (like nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm) and note which are unique (cell wall, chloroplast in plants; lysosomes often in animals).

Let me know if you’d like a printable version or flashcards for memorization!