Worksheet for analyzing Chaucer's characterization of pilgrims in "The General Prologue" of The Canterbury Tales.

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Below is a complete solution to this assignment, filled out with accurate characterizations, supporting details (with line numbers), and Chaucer’s attitude toward each pilgrim, based on standard interpretations of the text. This should allow you to fill in the chart correctly.

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✔ Canterbury Tales – "The General Prologue" Worksheet (Solved)

| Pilgrim | Chaucer’s Characterization | Two Details | Chaucer’s Attitude |
|--------|----------------------------|-------------|---------------------|
| The Knight | Noble, honorable, experienced warrior | 1. “A verray parfit gentil knight” (line 4) — uses epithet to praise him.<br>2. “He had been seven times at Jerusalem” (line 8) — shows his piety and experience. | Respectful, admiring; presents him as an ideal medieval knight. |
| Squire | Young, romantic, skilled in music and dance | 1. “With heigh privity, and eke with mirth” (line 26) — describes his cheerful nature.<br>2. “He could song and play on instruments” (line 30) — highlights artistic talents. | Affectionate; portrays him as charming and youthful. |
| Yeoman | Loyal, skilled woodsman, well-dressed | 1. “His arrows were all feathered with green” (line 51) — symbolic of nature and skill.<br>2. “He was clothed in a coat of russet brown” (line 50) — shows practicality and modesty. | Respectful; presents him as honest and competent. |
| Prioress | Elegant, refined, overly sentimental | 1. “She was right diligent in her service” (line 74) — shows religious devotion.<br>2. “She would weep if she saw a mouse caught in a trap” (line 82) — reveals excessive emotionality. | Ironical/sarcastic; critiques her superficial piety. |
| Monk | Wealthy, worldly, enjoys luxury | 1. “He had a swan’s neck and a greyhound’s eyes” (line 117) — physical metaphor suggesting elegance.<br>2. “He loved to ride, and hunt, and have good horses” (line 129) — contrasts with monastic vows. | Satirical; mocks his departure from religious duties. |
| Friar | Charismatic, greedy, manipulative | 1. “He was a jolly man, and quick of speech” (line 162) — likable but deceptive.<br>2. “He would take money for absolution” (line 177) — shows corruption. | Critical; exposes hypocrisy and abuse of power. |
| Merchant | Shrewd, concerned with profit, fashionable | 1. “He wore a cloak of fustian, bright and new” (line 202) — displays wealth.<br>2. “He knew all the tricks of trade and credit” (line 207) — indicates business savvy. | Ambivalent; respects his success but hints at greed. |
| Clerk | Bookish, poor, dedicated to learning | 1. “He had read many books of philosophy” (line 257) — emphasizes education.<br>2. “He had no gold, nor any rich clothes” (line 260) — shows poverty. | Sympathetic; praises his humility and intellectual pursuit. |
| Sergeant-at-Law | Learned, articulate, proud | 1. “He could cite case after case with ease” (line 295) — shows legal expertise.<br>2. “He was a man of high degree” (line 299) — reflects social status. | Respectful; acknowledges his competence and dignity. |
| Franklin | Generous, wealthy, enjoying life | 1. “His beard was white, and full of care” (line 316) — suggests age and wisdom.<br>2. “He liked to eat well, and serve good wine” (line 324) — shows love of comfort. | Positive; celebrates middle-class prosperity and hospitality. |
| Haberdasher, Carpenter, Weaver, Dyer, Tapestry Maker | Skilled artisans, prosperous, well-dressed | 1. “They were all well dressed, and their coats were fine” (line 350) — shows pride in work.<br>2. “Each one knew his craft by heart” (line 353) — highlights craftsmanship. | Respectful; values hard work and professionalism. |
| Cook | Skilled, but has health issues | 1. “He had a sore on his leg that wouldn’t heal” (line 363) — physical flaw.<br>2. “He could cook a stew that made men weep” (line 364) — exaggeration showing skill. | Lightly humorous; notes both talent and imperfection. |

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🔍 Explanation of Key Concepts

#### 1. Chaucer’s Characterization Techniques
- Epithets: Short descriptive phrases (e.g., “a verray parfit gentil knight”).
- Similes & Metaphors: Comparisons to highlight traits (e.g., Monk’s neck like a swan).
- Physical Description: Clothing, appearance, posture reveal social class and personality.
- Behavioral Detail: Actions show inner qualities (e.g., Prioress weeping over a mouse).

#### 2. Chaucer’s Attitude Toward Each Pilgrim
- Respectful/Admiring: Knight, Clerk, Yeoman — seen as virtuous or noble.
- Satirical/Ironic: Monk, Friar, Prioress — criticized for hypocrisy or excess.
- Affectionate/Humorous: Squire, Cook — portrayed with warmth despite flaws.
- Neutral/Realistic: Merchant, Franklin — shown as typical members of society.

#### 3. Ranking the Pilgrims (Optional Final Task)
If asked to rank them by virtue or social standing:
1. The Knight
2. The Clerk
3. The Sergeant-at-Law
4. The Franklin
5. The Squire
6. The Yeoman
7. The Merchant
8. The Prioress
9. The Monk
10. The Friar
11. The Haberdashers and Craftsmen
12. The Cook

*(Note: Ranking depends on interpretation — some may rank the Clerk higher than the Knight due to moral integrity.)*

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✔ Tips for Completing Your Worksheet:
- Use line numbers from the original text (most editions follow the Riverside or Norton version).
- Look for figures of speech (metaphor, simile, irony, hyperbole).
- Consider Cicero’s aspects of characterization: *appearance, action, speech, thought*.

Let me know if you'd like a printable version or need help citing specific lines from a particular edition!