Carbon and its compounds 1 worksheet - Free Printable

Problem: Identify the structures and name the compounds

The task involves identifying the given molecular structures and naming the corresponding compounds. Let's analyze each structure step by step.

---

#### Structure 1:
```
H
|
H-C-C-C-H
| | |
H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkane with 4 carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 4 \), so the formula is \( C_4H_{10} \).
- The name of this compound is butane.

Answer: Butane

---

#### Structure 2:
```
H
|
H-C-C-C=C-H
| | |
H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkene with 4 carbon atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkenes is \( C_nH_{2n} \).
- Here, \( n = 4 \), so the formula is \( C_4H_8 \).
- The name of this compound is 2-butene (or but-2-ene).

Answer: 2-Butene

---

#### Structure 3:
```
H
|
H-C-C-C-C-H
| | | |
H H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkane with 5 carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 5 \), so the formula is \( C_5H_{12} \).
- The name of this compound is pentane.

Answer: Pentane

---

#### Structure 4:
```
H
|
H-C-C=C-H
| |
H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkene with 3 carbon atoms and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkenes is \( C_nH_{2n} \).
- Here, \( n = 3 \), so the formula is \( C_3H_6 \).
- The name of this compound is propene (or prop-1-ene).

Answer: Propene

---

#### Structure 5:
```
H
|
H-C-C-H
| |
H H
|
H-C-C-H
|
H
```
- This is a branched alkane with 4 carbon atoms.
- The longest carbon chain has 3 carbon atoms, and there is a methyl group attached to the second carbon.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 4 \), so the formula is \( C_4H_{10} \).
- The name of this compound is 2-methylpropane (or isobutane).

Answer: 2-Methylpropane

---

#### Structure 6:
```
H
|
H-C-C-H
| |
H H
|
H-C-C-H
|
H
|
H
```
- This is a branched alkane with 5 carbon atoms.
- The longest carbon chain has 4 carbon atoms, and there is a methyl group attached to the second carbon.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 5 \), so the formula is \( C_5H_{12} \).
- The name of this compound is 2-methylbutane.

Answer: 2-Methylbutane

---

#### Structure 7:
```
H
|
H-C-C-C=C-H
| | | |
H H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkene with 5 carbon atoms and a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkenes is \( C_nH_{2n} \).
- Here, \( n = 5 \), so the formula is \( C_5H_{10} \).
- The name of this compound is 2-pentene.

Answer: 2-Pentene

---

#### Structure 8:
```
H
|
H-C-C-C-H
| | |
H H H
|
H-C≡C-H
```
- This is an alkane with 4 carbon atoms in the main chain and an acetylene (ethyne) group attached to the fourth carbon.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \), but the acetylene group modifies it.
- The name of this compound is 1-butyne (or but-1-yne).

Answer: 1-Butyne

---

#### Structure 9:
```
H
|
H-C-C-H
| |
H H
|
H
```
- This is a branched alkane with 3 carbon atoms.
- The longest carbon chain has 2 carbon atoms, and there is a methyl group attached to the first carbon.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 3 \), so the formula is \( C_3H_8 \).
- The name of this compound is methane.

Answer: Methane

---

#### Structure 10:
```
H
|
H-C-H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkane with 2 carbon atoms.
- The general formula for alkanes is \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
- Here, \( n = 2 \), so the formula is \( C_2H_6 \).
- The name of this compound is ethane.

Answer: Ethane

---

Final Answers:

1. Butane
2. 2-Butene
3. Pentane
4. Propene
5. 2-Methylpropane
6. 2-Methylbutane
7. 2-Pentene
8. 1-Butyne
9. Methane
10. Ethane

Boxed Answer:
\[
\boxed{
\text{Butane, 2-Butene, Pentane, Propene, 2-Methylpropane, 2-Methylbutane, 2-Pentene, 1-Butyne, Methane, Ethane}
}
\]