Cell Transport Reinforcement Worksheet with Questions and Diagram

Problem Explanation:

The task involves filling in the blanks in a worksheet about cell transport. The goal is to match terms and concepts related to how molecules move across cell membranes, including diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and other processes.

Solution:

#### 1. The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration:
- Answer: Diffusion
- Explanation: Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

#### 2. The movement of water across a membrane:
- Answer: Osmosis
- Explanation: Osmosis is the specific type of diffusion that involves the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane, such as the cell membrane.

#### 3. A solution that has more molecules (like salt) outside the cell than inside the cell is a:
- Answer: Hypertonic solution
- Explanation: In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside, causing water to move out of the cell by osmosis.

#### 4. A solution that has fewer molecules (like salt) outside the cell than inside the cell is a:
- Answer: Hypotonic solution
- Explanation: In a hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside, causing water to move into the cell by osmosis.

#### 5. A solution that has the same number of molecules as the cell is a:
- Answer: Isotonic solution
- Explanation: In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration inside, so there is no net movement of water.

#### 6. This disease is caused by a failure of the cell membrane, which causes mucus to build up in the lungs:
- Answer: Cystic fibrosis
- Explanation: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the cell membrane's ability to regulate ion transport, leading to thick, sticky mucus buildup in the lungs and other organs.

#### 7. Cell membranes will let some things pass through them; this means they are:
- Answer: Selectively permeable
- Explanation: Cell membranes allow certain substances to pass through while blocking others, making them selectively permeable.

#### 8. Type of transport that does not require energy:
- Answer: Passive transport
- Explanation: Passive transport occurs without the use of cellular energy (ATP). Examples include diffusion and osmosis.

#### 9. Type of transport that does require energy:
- Answer: Active transport
- Explanation: Active transport requires cellular energy (ATP) to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

#### 10. When molecules are evenly distributed throughout a space, it is called:
- Answer: Equilibrium
- Explanation: Equilibrium occurs when the concentration of molecules is the same on both sides of a membrane, and there is no net movement.

#### 11. This organelle is involved in protein synthesis, as seen in the diagram:
- Answer: Ribosome
- Explanation: Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins in the cell.

#### 12. The outer boundary of all cells, its job is to move things in and out of the cell:
- Answer: Cell membrane
- Explanation: The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

#### 13. Type of transport where a cell takes in a large particle, like food:
- Answer: Phagocytosis
- Explanation: Phagocytosis is the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or other cells by surrounding them with its plasma membrane.

#### 14. Type of transport where a cell pushes out large particles, like waste:
- Answer: Exocytosis
- Explanation: Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels large particles or waste materials by fusing vesicles with the plasma membrane.

#### 15. Type of transport where proteins channel more molecules across the membrane:
- Answer: Facilitated diffusion
- Explanation: Facilitated diffusion involves carrier proteins that help move molecules across the membrane down their concentration gradient without requiring energy.

#### 17. Label the Cell Membrane:
- Answer:
- A: Phospholipids
- B: Transport Protein
- C: Cholesterol

Final Answer:

\boxed{
\begin{array}{ll}
1. & \text{Diffusion} \\
2. & \text{Osmosis} \\
3. & \text{Hypertonic} \\
4. & \text{Hypotonic} \\
5. & \text{Isotonic} \\
6. & \text{Cystic fibrosis} \\
7. & \text{Selectively permeable} \\
8. & \text{Passive transport} \\
9. & \text{Active transport} \\
10. & \text{Equilibrium} \\
11. & \text{Ribosome} \\
12. & \text{Cell membrane} \\
13. & \text{Phagocytosis} \\
14. & \text{Exocytosis} \\
15. & \text{Facilitated diffusion} \\
17. & \text{A: Phospholipids, B: Transport Protein, C: Cholesterol}
\end{array}
}