1. Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
2. The data supports the fact that water moves from areas where you put sugar into cells because the dialysis tubing (representing the cell membrane) allows water to pass through but not sugar. Water moved into the tubing to dilute the sugar solution inside, causing the tubing to swell.
3. Glucose molecules move into a cell via facilitated diffusion, using carrier proteins embedded in the cell membrane.
4. Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).
5. Other proteins made by the ribosomes include enzymes, structural proteins, hormones, and receptors. They leave the cell via vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and fuse with the plasma membrane (exocytosis).
6. This process is called endocytosis, specifically phagocytosis or pinocytosis depending on whether solid particles or liquids are being engulfed.
7. Selective permeability means that the cell membrane allows some substances to pass through while blocking others, based on size, charge, or solubility.
8.
- A: High solute outside, low solute inside → water moves into cell → cell swells
- B: Equal solute inside and outside → no net water movement → cell remains normal
- C: Low solute outside, high solute inside → water moves out of cell → cell shrinks
9.
- 1: Diffusion – small nonpolar molecules move directly through the lipid bilayer down their concentration gradient.
- 2: Facilitated diffusion – polar or charged molecules move through channel or carrier proteins down their concentration gradient.
- 3: Active transport – molecules move against their concentration gradient using carrier proteins and ATP.
- 4: Endocytosis – large particles or fluids are engulfed by the cell membrane forming vesicles.
- 5: Exocytosis – vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release contents outside the cell.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of cellular transport worksheet.
