SOLUTION: light and geometric optics concave mirror practice ... - Free Printable

Let's solve each of the three concave mirror problems step by step. We'll:

1. Draw a ray diagram for each case (described in words since we can't draw images here).
2. Determine the image characteristics using SALT:
- Size: Same, Enlarged, Reduced
- Attitude: Upright or Inverted
- Location: In front or behind the mirror
- Type: Real or Virtual

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🔍 Key Concepts for Concave Mirrors:

- C: Center of curvature
- F: Focus (focal point)
- V: Vertex (mirror surface)
- PA: Principal axis
- Rules for Ray Diagrams:
1. A ray parallel to the principal axis reflects through the focal point (F).
2. A ray passing through the focal point reflects parallel to the principal axis.
3. A ray passing through the center of curvature (C) reflects back on itself.
4. A ray going to the vertex reflects with equal angle (like a flat mirror).

We use these rays to locate the image.

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## ✔ Problem (1): Object beyond C (Center of Curvature)

🔹 Ray Diagram Description:

- The object is placed beyond C, so it’s farther from the mirror than the center of curvature.
- Draw two rays from the top of the object:
1. Parallel ray: Goes parallel to PA → reflects through F.
2. Through C ray: Passes through C → reflects back on itself.
- These two reflected rays intersect in front of the mirror, between C and F.

🔹 Image Characteristics (SALT):

- Size: Reduced (smaller than object)
- Attitude: Inverted
- Location: Between C and F, in front of mirror
- Type: Real (rays converge)

✔ Answer (1):
- Image: Real, inverted, reduced, located between C and F.
- SALT: Reduced, Inverted, Real, Between C and F

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## ✔ Problem (2): Object at C (Center of Curvature)

🔹 Ray Diagram Description:

- Object is placed at C.
- Draw two rays from the top:
1. Parallel ray: Reflects through F.
2. Through C ray: Reflects back along same path (since it hits mirror at normal).
- The two reflected rays intersect at C, directly opposite the object.

🔹 Image Characteristics (SALT):

- Size: Same size as object
- Attitude: Inverted
- Location: At C, in front of mirror
- Type: Real

✔ Answer (2):
- Image: Real, inverted, same size, located at C.
- SALT: Same Size, Inverted, Real, At C

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## ✔ Problem (3): Object between F and V (Focus and Vertex)

🔹 Ray Diagram Description:

- Object is placed between F and V (very close to mirror).
- Draw two rays from the top:
1. Parallel ray: Goes parallel → reflects through F.
2. Through F ray: Goes toward F → reflects parallel.
- These two reflected rays diverge after reflection.
- Extend them backward (dashed lines) — they appear to come from a point behind the mirror.

🔹 Image Characteristics (SALT):

- Size: Enlarged
- Attitude: Upright
- Location: Behind the mirror
- Type: Virtual (image formed by backward extension)

✔ Answer (3):
- Image: Virtual, upright, enlarged, located behind the mirror.
- SALT: Enlarged, Upright, Virtual, Behind Mirror

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📌 Summary Table:

| Case | Object Position | Image Type | Attitude | Size | Location |
|------|------------------------|------------|------------|------------|-----------------------|
| (1) | Beyond C | Real | Inverted | Reduced | Between C and F |
| (2) | At C | Real | Inverted | Same | At C |
| (3) | Between F and V | Virtual | Upright | Enlarged | Behind mirror |

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✔ Final Answers:

(1)
- Ray Diagram: Rays from top of object: one parallel → reflects through F; one through C → reflects back. Intersect between C and F.
- SALT: Reduced, Inverted, Real, Between C and F

(2)
- Ray Diagram: Rays from top: parallel → through F; through C → back on itself. Intersect at C.
- SALT: Same Size, Inverted, Real, At C

(3)
- Ray Diagram: Rays diverge after reflection; extend backward to meet behind mirror.
- SALT: Enlarged, Upright, Virtual, Behind Mirror

Let me know if you'd like a sketch description or help drawing it!