WORKSHEET 1- RAY DIAGRAMMING - MIRROR .docx - Name: Rommel G ... - Free Printable

To solve this problem, we need to draw ray diagrams for a concave (diverging) lens in two different scenarios. A concave lens always makes light rays spread out (diverge). Because the rays spread out, they never actually meet on the other side of the lens. Instead, our eyes trace them back to a point where they *appear* to come from. This creates a virtual image.

Here are the three "rules" or principal rays used to draw these diagrams:
1. Parallel Ray: A ray traveling parallel to the main line (axis) bends outward as if it came from the focal point ($F$) on the same side.
2. Center Ray: A ray going through the very center of the lens goes straight through without bending.
3. Focal Ray: A ray aimed at the focal point on the far side bends so that it travels parallel to the main line after passing through the lens.

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Part (a): Object is placed beyond $2F$

In this case, the object is far away from the lens (further than twice the focal length).

Step-by-Step Drawing Instructions:
1. Draw the Parallel Ray: Start at the top of the object (the arrow). Draw a line straight across to the lens. At the lens, bend the line upwards/outwards. Make sure this bent line lines up with the Focal Point ($F$) on the left side (dashed line helps show this connection).
2. Draw the Center Ray: Start at the top of the object and draw a straight line through the exact center of the lens. Keep going straight.
3. Find the Image: Look at the two rays on the right side of the lens. They are spreading apart, so they will never touch. To find the image, you must trace them backwards (to the left) using dashed lines.
* Trace the bent parallel ray back towards the focal point $F$.
* Trace the center ray back along its straight path.
4. Mark the Image: Where these two backward-traced dashed lines cross is the top of your image. Draw an arrow pointing up from the main line to this spot.

Resulting Image Characteristics:
* Location: Between the lens and the focal point ($F$) on the left side.
* Orientation: Upright (same way up as the object).
* Size: Smaller than the object (diminished).
* Type: Virtual (formed by dashed lines).

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Part (b): Object is placed between $F$ and the Lens

In this case, the object is very close to the lens.

Step-by-Step Drawing Instructions:
1. Draw the Parallel Ray: Start at the top of the object. Draw a line straight across to the lens. Bend it upwards/outwards so that if you traced it back, it would hit the focal point ($F$) on the left.
2. Draw the Center Ray: Start at the top of the object and draw a straight line through the center of the lens.
3. Find the Image: Again, the real rays on the right are spreading out. Trace both rays backwards to the left with dashed lines.
4. Mark the Image: The spot where the dashed lines cross is the top of the image. Draw an arrow there.

Resulting Image Characteristics:
* Location: Between the object and the lens (closer to the lens than the object is).
* Orientation: Upright.
* Size: Smaller than the object.
* Type: Virtual.

*(Note: Even though the object moved closer, a concave lens always produces an image that is upright, virtual, and smaller than the object.)*

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Final Answer:
Diagram (a):
* Ray 1: From top of object, parallel to axis $\rightarrow$ refracts diverging away from axis (appears to come from $F$ on left).
* Ray 2: From top of object, through optical center $\rightarrow$ continues straight.
* Image Formation: Trace both refracted rays backward (dashed lines) to the left. They intersect between the lens and $F$.
* Image Properties: Located between Lens and $F$, Virtual, Upright, Diminished (smaller than object).

Diagram (b):
* Ray 1: From top of object, parallel to axis $\rightarrow$ refracts diverging away from axis (appears to come from $F$ on left).
* Ray 2: From top of object, through optical center $\rightarrow$ continues straight.
* Image Formation: Trace both refracted rays backward (dashed lines) to the left. They intersect between the object and the lens.
* Image Properties: Located between Object and Lens, Virtual, Upright, Diminished (smaller than object).