Covalent Bonds: Formula and Naming Practice by Epiphany Science | TPT - Free Printable
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Step-by-step solution for: Covalent Bonds: Formula and Naming Practice by Epiphany Science | TPT
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Covalent Bonds: Formula and Naming Practice by Epiphany Science | TPT
The task involves matching chemical formulas with their corresponding names and vice versa. Below is a detailed explanation of the solution, along with the correct matches for each entry.
---
#### 1. Understanding the Task
The table provided contains two columns:
- Formula: Chemical formulas (e.g., \( \text{CCl}_4 \), \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \)).
- Name: Names of the compounds (e.g., Carbon tetrachloride, Diphosphorus pentoxide).
The goal is to fill in the missing entries by matching the formulas with their correct names and vice versa.
#### 2. Key Concepts
- Prefixes in Naming:
- Monochloride, dichloride, trichloride, etc., indicate the number of chlorine atoms.
- Monoxide, dioxide, trioxide, etc., indicate the number of oxygen atoms.
- Monofluoride, difluoride, trifluoride, etc., indicate the number of fluorine atoms.
- Polyatomic Ions:
- Sulfate (\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)), phosphate (\( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \)), etc.
- Binary Compounds:
- Binary compounds consist of two elements. The more electronegative element is named second with an "-ide" suffix.
#### 3. Matching Formulas and Names
Let's go through each row and match the formulas with their names:
---
| Formula | Name | Formula | Name |
|--------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|---------------------------|
| \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SF}_6 \) | Sulfur hexafluoride | \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Diphosphorus pentoxide |
| \( \text{CF}_4 \) | Carbon tetrafluoride | \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decaoxide |
| \( \text{CH}_4 \) | Methane | \( \text{PCl}_3 \) | Phosphorus trichloride |
| \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide | \( \text{SiO}_2 \) | Silicon dioxide |
| \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) | Water | \( \text{N}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Dinitrogen pentoxide |
| \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \) | Dinitrogen oxide | \( \text{ClBr}_3 \) | Chlorine tribromide |
| \( \text{NCl}_3 \) | Nitrosyl chloride | \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide |
| \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide | \( \text{SF}_4 \) | Sulfur tetrafluoride |
| \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Diphosphorus trioxide | \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decasulfide | \( \text{ICl}_3 \) | Iodine trichloride |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \) | Tetraphosphorus trisulfide | \( \text{H}_2\text{S} \) | Hydrogen sulfide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \) | Tetraphosphorus hexoxide | \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide |
| \( \text{S}_8 \) | Sulfur (elemental) | \( \text{NO}_3 \) | Nitrogen trioxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \) | Disulfur difluoride | \( \text{CO} \) | Carbon monoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \) | Disulfur decafluoride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_7 \) | Dichlorine heptoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Disulfur trioxide | \( \text{PF}_5 \) | Phosphorus pentafluoride |
| \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Dichlorine trioxide |
| \( \text{SO}_2 \) | Sulfur dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SO}_3 \) | Sulfur trioxide | \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride |
---
1. \( \text{CCl}_4 \): This is carbon tetrachloride because it has one carbon atom and four chlorine atoms.
2. \( \text{SF}_6 \): This is sulfur hexafluoride because it has one sulfur atom and six fluorine atoms.
3. \( \text{CF}_4 \): This is carbon tetrafluoride because it has one carbon atom and four fluorine atoms.
4. \( \text{CH}_4 \): This is methane, a common hydrocarbon.
5. \( \text{CO}_2 \): This is carbon dioxide, a binary compound with one carbon and two oxygen atoms.
6. \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \): This is water, composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
7. \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \): This is dinitrogen oxide, also known as "laughing gas."
8. \( \text{NCl}_3 \): This is nitrosyl chloride, a compound with one nitrogen atom and three chlorine atoms.
9. \( \text{NO}_2 \): This is nitrogen dioxide, a common air pollutant.
10. \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \): This is diphosphorus trioxide, indicating two phosphorus atoms and three oxygen atoms.
11. \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \): This is tetraphosphorus decasulfide, with four phosphorus atoms and ten sulfur atoms.
12. \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \): This is tetraphosphorus trisulfide, with four phosphorus atoms and three sulfur atoms.
13. \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \): This is tetraphosphorus hexoxide, with four phosphorus atoms and six oxygen atoms.
14. \( \text{S}_8 \): This is elemental sulfur, which exists as an octatomic molecule.
15. \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \): This is disulfur difluoride, with two sulfur atoms and two fluorine atoms.
16. \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \): This is disulfur decafluoride, with two sulfur atoms and ten fluorine atoms.
17. \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \): This is disulfur trioxide, with two sulfur atoms and three oxygen atoms.
18. \( \text{SeO}_2 \): This is selenium dioxide, with one selenium atom and two oxygen atoms.
19. \( \text{SO}_2 \): This is sulfur dioxide, a common air pollutant.
20. \( \text{SO}_3 \): This is sulfur trioxide, another important compound in chemistry.
---
The completed table is as follows:
| Formula | Name | Formula | Name |
|--------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|---------------------------|
| \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SF}_6 \) | Sulfur hexafluoride | \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Diphosphorus pentoxide |
| \( \text{CF}_4 \) | Carbon tetrafluoride | \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decaoxide |
| \( \text{CH}_4 \) | Methane | \( \text{PCl}_3 \) | Phosphorus trichloride |
| \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide | \( \text{SiO}_2 \) | Silicon dioxide |
| \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) | Water | \( \text{N}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Dinitrogen pentoxide |
| \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \) | Dinitrogen oxide | \( \text{ClBr}_3 \) | Chlorine tribromide |
| \( \text{NCl}_3 \) | Nitrosyl chloride | \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide |
| \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide | \( \text{SF}_4 \) | Sulfur tetrafluoride |
| \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Diphosphorus trioxide | \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decasulfide | \( \text{ICl}_3 \) | Iodine trichloride |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \) | Tetraphosphorus trisulfide | \( \text{H}_2\text{S} \) | Hydrogen sulfide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \) | Tetraphosphorus hexoxide | \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide |
| \( \text{S}_8 \) | Sulfur (elemental) | \( \text{NO}_3 \) | Nitrogen trioxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \) | Disulfur difluoride | \( \text{CO} \) | Carbon monoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \) | Disulfur decafluoride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_7 \) | Dichlorine heptoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Disulfur trioxide | \( \text{PF}_5 \) | Phosphorus pentafluoride |
| \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Dichlorine trioxide |
| \( \text{SO}_2 \) | Sulfur dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SO}_3 \) | Sulfur trioxide | \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride |
Thus, the final answer is:
\[
\boxed{\text{See the completed table above.}}
\]
---
Step-by-Step Solution:
#### 1. Understanding the Task
The table provided contains two columns:
- Formula: Chemical formulas (e.g., \( \text{CCl}_4 \), \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \)).
- Name: Names of the compounds (e.g., Carbon tetrachloride, Diphosphorus pentoxide).
The goal is to fill in the missing entries by matching the formulas with their correct names and vice versa.
#### 2. Key Concepts
- Prefixes in Naming:
- Monochloride, dichloride, trichloride, etc., indicate the number of chlorine atoms.
- Monoxide, dioxide, trioxide, etc., indicate the number of oxygen atoms.
- Monofluoride, difluoride, trifluoride, etc., indicate the number of fluorine atoms.
- Polyatomic Ions:
- Sulfate (\( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)), phosphate (\( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \)), etc.
- Binary Compounds:
- Binary compounds consist of two elements. The more electronegative element is named second with an "-ide" suffix.
#### 3. Matching Formulas and Names
Let's go through each row and match the formulas with their names:
---
Matching Table
| Formula | Name | Formula | Name |
|--------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|---------------------------|
| \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SF}_6 \) | Sulfur hexafluoride | \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Diphosphorus pentoxide |
| \( \text{CF}_4 \) | Carbon tetrafluoride | \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decaoxide |
| \( \text{CH}_4 \) | Methane | \( \text{PCl}_3 \) | Phosphorus trichloride |
| \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide | \( \text{SiO}_2 \) | Silicon dioxide |
| \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) | Water | \( \text{N}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Dinitrogen pentoxide |
| \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \) | Dinitrogen oxide | \( \text{ClBr}_3 \) | Chlorine tribromide |
| \( \text{NCl}_3 \) | Nitrosyl chloride | \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide |
| \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide | \( \text{SF}_4 \) | Sulfur tetrafluoride |
| \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Diphosphorus trioxide | \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decasulfide | \( \text{ICl}_3 \) | Iodine trichloride |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \) | Tetraphosphorus trisulfide | \( \text{H}_2\text{S} \) | Hydrogen sulfide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \) | Tetraphosphorus hexoxide | \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide |
| \( \text{S}_8 \) | Sulfur (elemental) | \( \text{NO}_3 \) | Nitrogen trioxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \) | Disulfur difluoride | \( \text{CO} \) | Carbon monoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \) | Disulfur decafluoride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_7 \) | Dichlorine heptoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Disulfur trioxide | \( \text{PF}_5 \) | Phosphorus pentafluoride |
| \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Dichlorine trioxide |
| \( \text{SO}_2 \) | Sulfur dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SO}_3 \) | Sulfur trioxide | \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride |
---
Explanation of Matches
1. \( \text{CCl}_4 \): This is carbon tetrachloride because it has one carbon atom and four chlorine atoms.
2. \( \text{SF}_6 \): This is sulfur hexafluoride because it has one sulfur atom and six fluorine atoms.
3. \( \text{CF}_4 \): This is carbon tetrafluoride because it has one carbon atom and four fluorine atoms.
4. \( \text{CH}_4 \): This is methane, a common hydrocarbon.
5. \( \text{CO}_2 \): This is carbon dioxide, a binary compound with one carbon and two oxygen atoms.
6. \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \): This is water, composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
7. \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \): This is dinitrogen oxide, also known as "laughing gas."
8. \( \text{NCl}_3 \): This is nitrosyl chloride, a compound with one nitrogen atom and three chlorine atoms.
9. \( \text{NO}_2 \): This is nitrogen dioxide, a common air pollutant.
10. \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \): This is diphosphorus trioxide, indicating two phosphorus atoms and three oxygen atoms.
11. \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \): This is tetraphosphorus decasulfide, with four phosphorus atoms and ten sulfur atoms.
12. \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \): This is tetraphosphorus trisulfide, with four phosphorus atoms and three sulfur atoms.
13. \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \): This is tetraphosphorus hexoxide, with four phosphorus atoms and six oxygen atoms.
14. \( \text{S}_8 \): This is elemental sulfur, which exists as an octatomic molecule.
15. \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \): This is disulfur difluoride, with two sulfur atoms and two fluorine atoms.
16. \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \): This is disulfur decafluoride, with two sulfur atoms and ten fluorine atoms.
17. \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \): This is disulfur trioxide, with two sulfur atoms and three oxygen atoms.
18. \( \text{SeO}_2 \): This is selenium dioxide, with one selenium atom and two oxygen atoms.
19. \( \text{SO}_2 \): This is sulfur dioxide, a common air pollutant.
20. \( \text{SO}_3 \): This is sulfur trioxide, another important compound in chemistry.
---
Final Answer
The completed table is as follows:
| Formula | Name | Formula | Name |
|--------------------|---------------------------|--------------------|---------------------------|
| \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SF}_6 \) | Sulfur hexafluoride | \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Diphosphorus pentoxide |
| \( \text{CF}_4 \) | Carbon tetrafluoride | \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decaoxide |
| \( \text{CH}_4 \) | Methane | \( \text{PCl}_3 \) | Phosphorus trichloride |
| \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide | \( \text{SiO}_2 \) | Silicon dioxide |
| \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \) | Water | \( \text{N}_2\text{O}_5 \) | Dinitrogen pentoxide |
| \( \text{N}_2\text{O} \) | Dinitrogen oxide | \( \text{ClBr}_3 \) | Chlorine tribromide |
| \( \text{NCl}_3 \) | Nitrosyl chloride | \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide |
| \( \text{NO}_2 \) | Nitrogen dioxide | \( \text{SF}_4 \) | Sulfur tetrafluoride |
| \( \text{P}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Diphosphorus trioxide | \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_{10} \) | Tetraphosphorus decasulfide | \( \text{ICl}_3 \) | Iodine trichloride |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{S}_3 \) | Tetraphosphorus trisulfide | \( \text{H}_2\text{S} \) | Hydrogen sulfide |
| \( \text{P}_4\text{O}_6 \) | Tetraphosphorus hexoxide | \( \text{CO}_2 \) | Carbon dioxide |
| \( \text{S}_8 \) | Sulfur (elemental) | \( \text{NO}_3 \) | Nitrogen trioxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_2 \) | Disulfur difluoride | \( \text{CO} \) | Carbon monoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{F}_{10} \) | Disulfur decafluoride | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_7 \) | Dichlorine heptoxide |
| \( \text{S}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Disulfur trioxide | \( \text{PF}_5 \) | Phosphorus pentafluoride |
| \( \text{SeO}_2 \) | Selenium dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O}_3 \) | Dichlorine trioxide |
| \( \text{SO}_2 \) | Sulfur dioxide | \( \text{Cl}_2\text{O} \) | Dichlorine monoxide |
| \( \text{SO}_3 \) | Sulfur trioxide | \( \text{CCl}_4 \) | Carbon tetrachloride |
Thus, the final answer is:
\[
\boxed{\text{See the completed table above.}}
\]
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of covalent formula.
