1. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
2. The shape of DNA is a double helix.
3. The sides of the DNA ladder are made of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules.
4. The rungs of the DNA ladder are made of nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).
5. The base pairing rules are: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T); Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
6. In a sample of DNA, if 20% of the bases are cytosine, then 20% are guanine (because C pairs with G). That leaves 60% for A and T combined, so 30% are adenine and 30% are thymine.
7. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick, with help from Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray diffraction images, discovered the structure of DNA.
8. James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962 for their discovery of the structure of DNA.
9. The two scientists who were awarded the Nobel Prize for discovering the structure of DNA were James Watson and Francis Crick.
10. Three types of chromosomes found in humans are autosomes, sex chromosomes (X and Y), and metacentric chromosomes.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of dna the molecule of heredity worksheet answers.
