Students can test their understanding of electron configuration rules by identifying errors in these orbital diagrams.

1. Pauli Exclusion Principle - C
2. Aufbau Principle - B
3. Hund's Rule - A

4. Incorrect: N - The 2p orbitals should each have one electron before any pairing occurs (Hund's Rule).
5. Correct: Mg
6. Incorrect: F - The 2p orbitals are filled incorrectly; electrons should be placed one per orbital before pairing.
7. Incorrect: Si - The 3p orbitals should each have one electron before any pairing occurs (Hund's Rule).
8. Correct: P
9. Incorrect: Cl - The 3p orbitals are filled incorrectly; electrons should be placed one per orbital before pairing.
10. Incorrect: C - The 2p orbitals should each have one electron before any pairing occurs (Hund's Rule).