Practice Exercises (Endocrine System) worksheet - Free Printable

Let's solve this step by step.

We are given:

- Box A (Hormones):
Melatonin, Calcitonin, Parathormone, Insulin, Glucagon, Thyroxine, Adrenaline, Estrogen, Testosterone, Somatotropin, Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Vasopressin, Oxytocin, Prolactin

- Box B (Glands):
Pituitary, Testes, Ovary, Adrenal, Pancreas, Parathyroid, Thyroid, Pineal

- An illustration with labeled glands (1 to 8), which we can use to identify locations.

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Step 1: Identify the glands from the diagram

From the image:

1. Pineal gland – located in the brain (near the hypothalamus) → 1 = Pineal
2. Thyroid gland – in the neck, below the larynx → 2 = Thyroid
3. Pancreas – behind the stomach → 3 = Pancreas
4. Adrenal glands – on top of the kidneys → 4 = Adrenal
5. Testes – in the scrotum → 5 = Testes
6. Pituitary gland – at the base of the brain → 6 = Pituitary
7. Parathyroid glands – on the thyroid gland → 7 = Parathyroid
8. Ovaries – in the pelvic region → 8 = Ovary

Now, let’s match each function with the correct hormone, gland, and location.

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Step 2: Match Functions to Hormones and Glands

| FUNCTION | NAME OF HORMONE | GLAND WHERE IT IS PRODUCED | LOCATION OF THE GLAND |
|--------|------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------|
| Controls the development of female secondary sex characteristics. | Estrogen | Ovary | 8 (Ovary) |
| Decreases blood calcium | Calcitonin | Thyroid | 2 (Thyroid) |
| Stimulates growth | Somatotropin | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Prevents water loss | Vasopressin | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Helps regulate sleep-wake cycle | Melatonin | Pineal | 1 (Pineal) |
| Increases blood calcium | Parathormone | Parathyroid | 7 (Parathyroid) |
| Increases blood sugar | Glucagon | Pancreas | 3 (Pancreas) |
| Improves reaction to emergencies | Adrenaline | Adrenal | 4 (Adrenal) |
| Stimulates the ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones | Luteinizing Hormone (LH) | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics | Estrogen | Ovary | 8 (Ovary) |
| Stimulates gamete formation | Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Decreases blood sugar | Insulin | Pancreas | 3 (Pancreas) |

Note: The first and last entries both mention "Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics" — likely a duplication or typo. But since it appears twice, we’ll fill both rows accordingly.

Also, note that Testosterone is not used here, but it would be for male secondary sex characteristics (from Testes, location 5).

Similarly, Oxytocin and Prolactin are pituitary hormones but aren't mentioned in these functions.

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Final Table Filled Out:

| FUNCTION | NAME OF HORMONE | GLAND WHERE IT IS PRODUCED | LOCATION OF THE GLAND |
|--------|------------------|-------------------------------|--------------------------|
| Controls the development of female secondary sex characteristics. | Estrogen | Ovary | 8 (Ovary) |
| Decreases blood calcium | Calcitonin | Thyroid | 2 (Thyroid) |
| Stimulates growth | Somatotropin | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Prevents water loss | Vasopressin | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Helps regulate sleep-wake cycle | Melatonin | Pineal | 1 (Pineal) |
| Increases blood calcium | Parathormone | Parathyroid | 7 (Parathyroid) |
| Increases blood sugar | Glucagon | Pancreas | 3 (Pancreas) |
| Improves reaction to emergencies | Adrenaline | Adrenal | 4 (Adrenal) |
| Stimulates the ovaries and testes to produce sex hormones | Luteinizing Hormone | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Controls development of female secondary sex characteristics | Estrogen | Ovary | 8 (Ovary) |
| Stimulates gamete formation | Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | Pituitary | 6 (Pituitary) |
| Decreases blood sugar | Insulin | Pancreas | 3 (Pancreas) |

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Summary of Key Points:

- Estrogen: From ovary (8) → controls female secondary sex traits.
- Calcitonin: From thyroid (2) → lowers blood Ca²⁺.
- Somatotropin (GH): From pituitary (6) → growth.
- Vasopressin (ADH): From pituitary (6) → conserves water.
- Melatonin: From pineal (1) → regulates circadian rhythm.
- Parathormone (PTH): From parathyroid (7) → raises blood Ca²⁺.
- Glucagon: From pancreas (3) → increases blood glucose.
- Adrenaline: From adrenal (4) → fight-or-flight response.
- LH: From pituitary (6) → stimulates gonads.
- FSH: From pituitary (6) → stimulates gamete formation.
- Insulin: From pancreas (3) → lowers blood glucose.

✔ All answers are consistent with endocrine physiology and the provided diagrams.

Let me know if you'd like this as a printable table!