13 Medical Assistant Printable Worksheets - Free PDF at worksheeto.com - Free Printable

Let’s go through each medical term one by one and write a simple, clear definition that a student can understand. We’ll focus on what each word means in plain language — no fancy jargon unless we explain it first.

---

1. atrioventricular defect
This is a hole or problem in the wall between the heart’s upper chambers (atria) and lower chambers (ventricles). It lets blood flow where it shouldn’t, making the heart work harder.

2. bacterial endocarditis
An infection of the inner lining of the heart (especially the valves), caused by bacteria. It usually happens when germs get into the bloodstream and stick to damaged parts of the heart.

3. myocarditis
Inflammation (swelling and irritation) of the heart muscle itself. This can make the heart weaker and affect how well it pumps blood.

4. pericarditis
Inflammation of the sac around the heart (called the pericardium). It often causes sharp chest pain because the swollen rubs against the heart.

5. angiocardiitis
Inflammation of both the blood vessels AND the heart. “Angio” = blood vessels, “cardi” = heart, “itis” = inflammation.

6. angiostenosis
Narrowing of a blood vessel. “Stenosis” means narrowing, so this makes it harder for blood to flow through that vessel.

7. aortic stenosis
Narrowing of the aortic valve — the valve that lets blood leave the heart and go to the body. Makes the heart pump harder to push blood out.

8. arteriosclerosis
Hardening and thickening of the artery walls. Arteries become stiff and less flexible, which can raise blood pressure and reduce blood flow.

9. atherosclerosis
A type of arteriosclerosis where fatty deposits (plaque) build up inside arteries. This narrows them and can lead to heart attacks or strokes.

10. tachycardia
Heart beating too fast — usually over 100 beats per minute when resting. Can feel like your heart is racing.

11. hypertension
High blood pressure. The force of blood pushing against artery walls is too high, which can damage organs over time.

12. hypotension
Low blood pressure. Blood isn’t pushing hard enough against artery walls. Can cause dizziness or fainting.

13. hematosis
The process of turning venous blood (low oxygen) into arterial blood (high oxygen) — basically, how blood gets oxygenated in the lungs. Sometimes used more broadly to mean blood formation or changes in blood.

14. bradycardia
Heart beating too slow — usually under 60 beats per minute when resting. In athletes it might be normal, but in others it can cause fatigue or dizziness.

15. cardiomegaly
Enlarged heart. The heart grows bigger than normal, often because it’s working too hard (like from high blood pressure or valve problems).

---

Final Answer:
1. Atrioventricular defect – Hole between heart chambers letting blood mix abnormally.
2. Bacterial endocarditis – Infection of heart’s inner lining or valves by bacteria.
3. Myocarditis – Inflammation of the heart muscle.
4. Pericarditis – Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart.
5. Angiocardiitis – Inflammation of both blood vessels and heart.
6. Angiostenosis – Narrowing of a blood vessel.
7. Aortic stenosis – Narrowing of the aortic valve, blocking blood flow from heart.
8. Arteriosclerosis – Hardening and thickening of artery walls.
9. Atherosclerosis – Buildup of fatty plaque inside arteries.
10. Tachycardia – Abnormally fast heart rate (>100 bpm at rest).
11. Hypertension – High blood pressure.
12. Hypotension – Low blood pressure.
13. Hematosis – Process of oxygenating blood in lungs; sometimes refers to blood formation.
14. Bradycardia – Abnormally slow heart rate (<60 bpm at rest).
15. Cardiomegaly – Enlarged heart.