Human reproductive organs and menstruation worksheet showing labeled diagrams of male and female systems.

Let's solve each part of this biology task step by step, based on the diagrams and questions provided.

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1. Identify the organs in the male and female reproductive systems

#### Male Reproductive System (Left Diagram):

- A – *Epididymis*
→ This is a coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored.

- B – *Vas deferens*
→ Also called the ductus deferens; it transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

- C – *Seminal vesicle*
→ Glands that produce fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen.

- D – *Testis (Testicle)*
→ Produces sperm and testosterone.

- E – *Scrotum*
→ The sac that holds the testes outside the body to maintain a lower temperature for sperm production.

#### Female Reproductive System (Right Diagram):

- F – *Ovary*
→ Produces eggs (ova) and sex hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

- G – *Fallopian tube (Oviduct)*
→ Tube where fertilization usually occurs; carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus.

- H – *Uterus*
→ Where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus.

- I – *Cervix*
→ The neck of the uterus; connects the uterus to the vagina.

- J – *Vagina*
→ The canal through which menstrual blood exits and sperm enters during intercourse.

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✔ Answers for Question 1:

| Letter | Organ Name |
|--------|------------------------|
| A | Epididymis |
| B | Vas deferens |
| C | Seminal vesicle |
| D | Testis |
| E | Scrotum |
| F | Ovary |
| G | Fallopian tube (Oviduct) |
| H | Uterus |
| I | Cervix |
| J | Vagina |

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2. Match the functions of reproductive organs

We are given a list of organs and their functions. One has already been matched:
Ovary → Where ova are produced

Now let’s match the rest correctly:

- Uterus → Where a fertilised egg can develop
*(The uterus is where the embryo implants and grows.)*

- Oviduct → Where the ovum can be fertilised
*(Fertilization typically happens in the fallopian tube.)*

- Cervix → The base of the uterus
*(It connects the uterus to the vagina.)*

- Testis → Where the sperm are produced
*(Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.)*

- Gland → Produces a fluid for the sperm to swim in
*(Refers to seminal vesicles, prostate gland, etc., which contribute fluids to semen.)*

- Penis → Places sperm in the vagina during intercourse
*(During ejaculation, sperm is deposited into the vagina via the penis.)*

- Sperm duct → Tube carrying sperm out of the penis
*(Also known as vas deferens; it carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.)*

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✔ Matching for Question 2:

| Organ | Function |
|-------------|--------|
| Ovary | Where ova are produced |
| Uterus | Where a fertilised egg can develop |
| Oviduct | Where the ovum can be fertilised |
| Cervix | The base of the uterus |
| Testis | Where the sperm are produced |
| Gland | Produces a fluid for the sperm to swim in |
| Penis | Places sperm in the vagina during intercourse |
| Sperm duct | Tube carrying sperm out of the penis |

*(Note: "Gland" refers generally to accessory glands like seminal vesicles or prostate.)*

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3a. Puberty Questions

#### i. What happens to a child's body during puberty?
(1 mark)

> During puberty, a child's body undergoes physical changes as they develop into an adult. These include the development of secondary sexual characteristics, growth spurts, and the maturation of reproductive organs.

✔ Answer:
*The body undergoes physical changes such as growth spurts, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and maturation of reproductive organs.*

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#### ii. Give two changes which take place in a girl's body at puberty.
(2 marks)

✔ Answer:
1. Development of breasts
2. Growth of pubic and underarm hair
*(Other valid answers: Menstruation begins, hips widen, voice may deepen slightly.)*

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#### iii. Give one emotional change which takes place in both boys and girls at puberty.
(1 mark)

✔ Answer:
*Increased mood swings or emotional sensitivity due to hormonal changes.*

Or:
*Development of interest in the opposite sex / increased self-awareness.*

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✔ Final Summary of Answers:

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Question 1: Label the Organs

- A: Epididymis
- B: Vas deferens
- C: Seminal vesicle
- D: Testis
- E: Scrotum
- F: Ovary
- G: Fallopian tube (Oviduct)
- H: Uterus
- I: Cervix
- J: Vagina

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Question 2: Match Functions

- Ovary → Where ova are produced
- Uterus → Where a fertilised egg can develop
- Oviduct → Where the ovum can be fertilised
- Cervix → The base of the uterus
- Testis → Where the sperm are produced
- Gland → Produces a fluid for the sperm to swim in
- Penis → Places sperm in the vagina during intercourse
- Sperm duct → Tube carrying sperm out of the penis

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Question 3a:

i. The body undergoes physical changes such as growth spurts, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and maturation of reproductive organs.
ii. 1. Breast development
  2. Growth of pubic hair
iii. Increased mood swings or emotional sensitivity

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