Identify atoms by analyzing electron shells and particle counts in this educational worksheet.

To solve this task, we need to identify each atom based on the information provided in the diagrams. The key pieces of information are:

1. Protons (P): The number of protons determines the atomic number and thus the element.
2. Neutrons (N): The number of neutrons helps determine the isotope but does not change the element.
3. Electrons (e⁻): The number of electrons usually equals the number of protons in a neutral atom.

Let's go through each diagram step by step:

Diagram 1

- Protons (P): 1
- Neutrons (N): 0
- Electrons (e⁻): 1

Element: Hydrogen (H)
Isotope: H-1 (since there are no neutrons)

Diagram 2

- Protons (P): 6
- Neutrons (N): 6
- Electrons (e⁻): 6

Element: Carbon (C)
Isotope: C-12 (since 6 protons + 6 neutrons = 12)

Diagram 3

- Protons (P): 10
- Neutrons (N): 10
- Electrons (e⁻): 10

Element: Neon (Ne)
Isotope: Ne-20 (since 10 protons + 10 neutrons = 20)

Diagram 4

- Protons (P): 12
- Neutrons (N): 12
- Electrons (e⁻): 12

Element: Magnesium (Mg)
Isotope: Mg-24 (since 12 protons + 12 neutrons = 24)

Diagram 5

- Protons (P): 8
- Neutrons (N): 8
- Electrons (e⁻): 8

Element: Oxygen (O)
Isotope: O-16 (since 8 protons + 8 neutrons = 16)

Diagram 6

- Protons (P): 16
- Neutrons (N): 16
- Electrons (e⁻): 16

Element: Sulfur (S)
Isotope: S-32 (since 16 protons + 16 neutrons = 32)

Diagram 7

- Protons (P): 1
- Neutrons (N): 1
- Electrons (e⁻): 1

Element: Hydrogen (H)
Isotope: H-2 (Deuterium) (since 1 proton + 1 neutron = 2)

Diagram 8

- Protons (P): 1
- Neutrons (N): 2
- Electrons (e⁻): 1

Element: Hydrogen (H)
Isotope: H-3 (Tritium) (since 1 proton + 2 neutrons = 3)

Diagram 9

- Protons (P): 13
- Neutrons (N): 14
- Electrons (e⁻): 13

Element: Aluminum (Al)
Isotope: Al-27 (since 13 protons + 14 neutrons = 27)

Diagram 10

- Protons (P): 11
- Neutrons (N): 12
- Electrons (e⁻): 11

Element: Sodium (Na)
Isotope: Na-23 (since 11 protons + 12 neutrons = 23)

Diagram 11

- Protons (P): 14
- Neutrons (N): 14
- Electrons (e⁻): 14

Element: Silicon (Si)
Isotope: Si-28 (since 14 protons + 14 neutrons = 28)

Diagram 12

- Protons (P): 15
- Neutrons (N): 16
- Electrons (e⁻): 15

Element: Phosphorus (P)
Isotope: P-31 (since 15 protons + 16 neutrons = 31)

Final Answer:
1. Hydrogen (H-1)
2. Carbon (C-12)
3. Neon (Ne-20)
4. Magnesium (Mg-24)
5. Oxygen (O-16)
6. Sulfur (S-32)
7. Hydrogen (H-2)
8. Hydrogen (H-3)
9. Aluminum (Al-27)
10. Sodium (Na-23)
11. Silicon (Si-28)
12. Phosphorus (P-31)