Why government 1 | PDF - Free Printable

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Section B: Compare & Contrast – Write the letter of each word or phrase in the correct part of the diagram

This section asks you to classify terms into two categories: Natural Rights and Government/Social Contract. Here are the options:

- A. Natural Rights
- B. Life
- C. Liberty
- D. Property
- E. Government
- F. No laws
- G. Laws
- H. Compromises are made
- I. You are on your own
- J. Rights are protected

#### Step 1: Understand the concepts
- Natural Rights: These are rights that people have by nature (e.g., life, liberty, property), even without government.
- Government / Social Contract: This refers to the system where people give up some freedoms in exchange for order and protection. It involves laws, compromises, and protection of rights.

#### Step 2: Classify the items

| Natural Rights | Government / Social Contract |
|----------------|-------------------------------|
| A. Natural Rights | E. Government |
| B. Life | F. No laws → Wait, "No laws" is not part of government. Actually, this belongs to no government (state of nature). So it goes with natural rights? Let's reconsider. |
| C. Liberty | G. Laws |
| D. Property | H. Compromises are made |
| | I. You are on your own → This is not under government; it's state of nature. So it should go with natural rights? But wait — natural rights exist *without* government. |
| | J. Rights are protected → This happens with government |

So let's reorganize carefully:

#### Correct Classification:

Natural Rights (what people have inherently):
- A. Natural Rights
- B. Life
- C. Liberty
- D. Property
- F. No laws → In the state of nature, there are no laws (so this belongs here)
- I. You are on your own → Also applies in state of nature

Government / Social Contract (what government provides):
- E. Government
- G. Laws
- H. Compromises are made
- J. Rights are protected

> Note: The diagram likely has two circles (Venn-style) — one for "Natural Rights" and one for "Government / Social Contract". Some things may overlap, but here they're probably separate.

✔ So:
- Natural Rights: A, B, C, D, F, I
- Government / Social Contract: E, G, H, J

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Section C: What’s the Connection? Explain how each set of words are related.

1. Life / Liberty / Property
→ These are the three classic natural rights identified by philosophers like John Locke. They are fundamental rights that individuals possess even before forming a government.

2. State of Nature / War
→ In the state of nature (before government), people live without laws or authority. Without rules, conflicts arise, leading to chaos and possibly war. Thomas Hobbes believed life in the state of nature was “nasty, brutish, and short.”

3. Government / Social Contract
→ People agree to form a government through a social contract — they give up some freedoms in exchange for protection and order. This agreement is the foundation of political society.

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Section D: Hobbes vs. Locke – Decide whether Hobbes and Locke would agree about each statement.

We’re given two statements and need to determine if Hobbes and Locke would agree or disagree.

#### Statement 1:
"There are no laws in a state of nature, and people are always at war."

- Hobbes: YES – He believed the state of nature was chaotic and violent. Without government, life was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short."
- Locke: NO – He believed people in the state of nature had natural rights and could live peacefully using reason and morality. Conflict wasn’t constant.

✔ So:
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

#### Statement 2:
"Rulers should have complete power and should not be able to be kicked out by the people."

- Hobbes: YES – He supported absolute monarchy because only strong rulers could prevent chaos.
- Locke: NO – He believed governments must protect natural rights and if they fail, the people have the right to overthrow them.

✔ So:
- Hobbes: Agree
- Locke: Disagree

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Final Part: If there is a statement where Hobbes and Locke would disagree, explain their differences.

Let’s use Statement 1 as an example:

> Difference:
> Hobbes believed the state of nature was a dangerous place full of conflict, so people needed a powerful ruler to enforce peace. Locke thought people were rational and could live together peacefully in the state of nature, guided by natural law. He saw government as a way to protect rights, not to prevent chaos.

Or Statement 2:

> Difference:
> Hobbes supported absolute rule because he feared disorder. Locke believed in limited government and the right of the people to rebel if rulers violated natural rights. For Locke, government exists to serve the people — not rule over them.

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✔ Final Answer Summary:

#### B. Compare & Contrast
- Natural Rights: A, B, C, D, F, I
- Government / Social Contract: E, G, H, J

#### C. What’s the Connection?
1. Life / Liberty / Property → Fundamental natural rights that people have by birth.
2. State of Nature / War → Without government, human life becomes chaotic and violent.
3. Government / Social Contract → People agree to form government to protect rights and maintain order.

#### D. Hobbes vs. Locke
| Statement | Hobbes | Locke |
|---------|--------|-------|
| 1. No laws, always war | Agree | Disagree |
| 2. Rulers can’t be removed | Agree | Disagree |

Explanation of disagreement:
Hobbes believed people needed absolute power to avoid chaos. Locke believed government must protect rights and can be changed if it fails.

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