Worksheet activity on body movements and planes of motion with exercise illustrations.

Let's analyze each exercise shown in the worksheet and determine:

1. Primary Plane of Motion
2. Type of Movement
3. Primary Joint(s) Affected

We'll go through each image one by one.

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Exercise 1: Seated Dumbbell Shoulder Press

- Image Description: Person sitting, pressing dumbbells from shoulder height upward overhead.
- Plane of Motion: Sagittal
- The movement occurs in a forward-backward plane (moving arms vertically up and down).
- Type of Movement: Extension
- The arms are extending upward at the shoulder joint.
- Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders (Glenohumeral Joint)

> ✔ Answer:
> - Plane of Motion: Sagittal
> - Type of Movement: Extension
> - Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders

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Exercise 2: Bench Press

- Image Description: Person lying on a bench, lowering and pushing a barbell up and down.
- Plane of Motion: Sagittal
- The movement is vertical (up and down), occurring in the front-to-back plane.
- Type of Movement: Horizontal Adduction or Extension
- More accurately, this is horizontal adduction at the shoulder (arms moving toward midline), but it’s often classified as extension in the sagittal plane when focusing on elbow and shoulder.
- However, the primary motion at the shoulder is horizontal adduction (also called "pushing" movement).
- But since the body is flat and the movement is straight up/down, the main motion is shoulder extension and elbow extension.
- Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders (Glenohumeral Joint) and Elbows (Humeroulnar Joint)

> ✔ Answer:
> - Plane of Motion: Sagittal
> - Type of Movement: Extension (at shoulder and elbow)
> - Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders and Elbows

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Exercise 3: Pull-Up / Chin-Up

- Image Description: Person hanging from a bar, pulling body upward until chin over bar.
- Plane of Motion: Sagittal
- The body moves vertically (up and down), along the anterior-posterior axis.
- Type of Movement: Flexion
- The shoulders flex as the body pulls upward.
- Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders (Glenohumeral Joint) and Elbows (Humeroulnar Joint)

> ✔ Answer:
> - Plane of Motion: Sagittal
> - Type of Movement: Flexion
> - Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders and Elbows

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Exercise 4: Lat Pulldown

- Image Description: Person seated, pulling a bar down from above the head to chest level.
- Plane of Motion: Sagittal
- The bar moves vertically downward, and the arms move in a straight line from overhead to chest.
- Type of Movement: Adduction and Extension
- At the shoulder, this is adduction (arms moving toward the midline) and extension (pulling down).
- Primary action: Shoulder extension and adduction.
- Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders (Glenohumeral Joint)

> ✔ Answer:
> - Plane of Motion: Sagittal
> - Type of Movement: Adduction and Extension
> - Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders

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Exercise 5: Dumbbell Fly (Lying Chest Fly)

- Image Description: Person lying on back, arms extended out to sides, bringing dumbbells together above chest.
- Plane of Motion: Frontal
- Arms move in a side-to-side motion across the body — this is a frontal plane movement.
- Type of Movement: Adduction
- The arms move from an abducted position (out to sides) toward the midline (chest).
- Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders (Glenohumeral Joint)

> ✔ Answer:
> - Plane of Motion: Frontal
> - Type of Movement: Adduction
> - Primary Joint(s) Affected: Shoulders

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✔ Final Completed Table:

| Exercise | Plane of Movement | Type of Movement | Primary Joint(s) Affected |
|--------|-------------------|------------------|----------------------------|
| Seated Dumbbell Shoulder Press | Sagittal | Extension | Shoulders |
| Bench Press | Sagittal | Extension | Shoulders and Elbows |
| Pull-Up | Sagittal | Flexion | Shoulders and Elbows |
| Lat Pulldown | Sagittal | Adduction and Extension | Shoulders |
| Dumbbell Fly (Lying) | Frontal | Adduction | Shoulders |

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🔍 Summary Notes:

- Sagittal Plane: Movements that divide the body into left and right halves; includes flexion/extension.
- Frontal Plane: Divides body into front and back; includes abduction/adduction.
- Transverse Plane: Rotational movements (not seen here).

This analysis ensures accurate biomechanical understanding for each exercise.