The task involves labeling the layers of the Earth and providing information about each layer's state (solid or liquid), temperature, and composition. Below is a detailed explanation and solution:
---
Step 1: Identify the Layers of the Earth
The Earth has four main layers:
1.
Crust
2.
Mantle
3.
Outer Core
4.
Inner Core
These layers are depicted in the cross-sectional diagram provided in the image.
---
Step 2: Fill in the Table
The table requires information about the
state,
temperature, and
composition of each layer. Here is the breakdown for each layer:
####
1. Crust
-
State: Solid
-
Temperature: Relatively low (varies from near-surface temperatures to around 1000°C at the base)
-
Composition: Primarily composed of silicate rocks, including granite and basalt.
####
2. Mantle
-
State: Solid but can flow over long periods (viscous solid)
-
Temperature: Increases with depth, ranging from 500°C to over 4000°C near the core-mantle boundary.
-
Composition: Primarily composed of silicate minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene.
####
3. Outer Core
-
State: Liquid
-
Temperature: Extremely high, ranging from 4000°C to 6000°C.
-
Composition: Primarily composed of iron and nickel, with some lighter elements like sulfur and oxygen.
####
4. Inner Core
-
State: Solid (despite high temperatures, due to immense pressure)
-
Temperature: Extremely high, estimated to be around 5000°C to 6000°C.
-
Composition: Primarily composed of iron and nickel.
---
Step 3: Complete the Table
Using the information above, fill in the table as follows:
| Layer of the Earth | State (solid or liquid) | Temperature | Composition |
|--------------------|-------------------------|-------------|-------------|
| Crust | Solid | Low to 1000°C | Silicate rocks (granite, basalt) |
| Mantle | Solid (viscous) | 500°C to 4000°C | Silicate minerals (olivine, pyroxene) |
| Outer Core | Liquid | 4000°C to 6000°C | Iron and nickel with some lighter elements |
| Inner Core | Solid | 5000°C to 6000°C | Iron and nickel |
---
Final Answer
The completed table is as follows:
| Layer of the Earth | State (solid or liquid) | Temperature | Composition |
|--------------------|-------------------------|-------------|-------------|
|
Crust |
Solid |
Low to 1000°C |
Silicate rocks (granite, basalt) |
|
Mantle |
Solid (viscous) |
500°C to 4000°C |
Silicate minerals (olivine, pyroxene) |
|
Outer Core |
Liquid |
4000°C to 6000°C |
Iron and nickel with some lighter elements |
|
Inner Core |
Solid |
5000°C to 6000°C |
Iron and nickel |
Boxed Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\text{Layer of the Earth} & \text{State (solid or liquid)} & \text{Temperature} & \text{Composition} \\
\hline
\text{Crust} & \text{Solid} & \text{Low to 1000°C} & \text{Silicate rocks (granite, basalt)} \\
\hline
\text{Mantle} & \text{Solid (viscous)} & \text{500°C to 4000°C} & \text{Silicate minerals (olivine, pyroxene)} \\
\hline
\text{Outer Core} & \text{Liquid} & \text{4000°C to 6000°C} & \text{Iron and nickel with some lighter elements} \\
\hline
\text{Inner Core} & \text{Solid} & \text{5000°C to 6000°C} & \text{Iron and nickel} \\
\hline
\end{array}
}
\]
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of layers of the earth worksheet high school.
