Medical Terminology Part 1; Prefixes, Suffixes, Combining Forms | PDF - Free Printable

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🔍 Breakdown of the Chart:

#### 1. Prefixes Pertaining to Disease
These prefixes are commonly used in medical terms to describe conditions or diseases.

| Prefix | Meaning | Example |
|--------|--------|--------|
| Dys- | Painful, difficult, abnormal | Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) |
| Hyper- | Excessive, above | Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) |
| Hypo- | Below, under | Hypotension (low blood pressure) |
| Tachy- | Rapid | Tachypnea (rapid breathing) |
| Brady- | Slow | Bradycardia (slow heart rate) |
| Poly- | Many, much | Polyuria (excessive urination) |
| Mal- / -algia | Bad, pain | Malaise (general discomfort), Neuralgia (nerve pain) |
| Xero- | Dry | Xeroderma (dry skin) |

> ✔ These are useful for understanding disease names: e.g., *dysphagia* = difficulty swallowing.

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#### 2. Negative Prefixes
These indicate absence, lack, or negation.

| Prefix | Meaning | Example |
|--------|--------|--------|
| A- / An- | Not, without, lack of, absence | Aneurysm (absence of pulse), Anemia (no blood) |
| Anti- | Against | Antibiotic (against life/bacteria) |
| Contra- | Against | Contraindicated (not recommended) |
| De- | Down, without, loss, removal | Dehydration (loss of water) |
| Dis- | Absence, removal, separation | Dislocation (separation of joint) |
| In- / Im- | Not | Inactive, Immature |
| Un- | Not | Unconscious |

> ✔ Used to form words like *asymptomatic* (without symptoms).

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#### 3. Prefixes Pertaining to Size and Comparison
Used to describe size, quantity, or comparison.

| Prefix | Meaning | Example |
|--------|--------|--------|
| Epi- | Upon, on top of, over | Epidermis (outer layer of skin) |
| Hetero- | Other, different, unequal | Heterosexual |
| Homeo- | Same, unchanging | Homeostasis (balance) |
| Iso- | Equal, same | Isotope (same element, different neutrons) |
| Macro- | Large | Macroscopic (visible to the naked eye) |
| Micro- | Small | Microorganism |
| Mega- | Large, abnormally large | Megaloblast (large cell) |
| Mini- | Small | Minuscule |
| Normo- | Normal | Normotensive (normal blood pressure) |
| Ortho- | Straight, upright, correct | Orthopedics (correcting bones) |
| Polio- | Many | Poliomyelitis (many gray matter infections) |
| Pseudo- | False, fake | Pseudocyesis (false pregnancy) |
| Re- | Again, back | Rehydrate (hydrate again) |

> ✔ Useful for understanding terms like *microscopic* (very small), *macrocytic* (large cells), etc.

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🧠 How to Use This Chart:

You can use this table to:
- Decipher medical terms: For example, “hypertension” = *hypo-* (under) + *tension* → low tension? No! Wait — actually *hyper-* means excessive → high blood pressure.
- Build vocabulary: Combine prefixes with roots and suffixes.
- Understand disease names: E.g., *bradycardia* = slow (*brady-*) + heart (*cardia*) = slow heartbeat.

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❓If You Have a Task:

Please clarify your question! Examples include:
- “What does ‘dyspepsia’ mean?”
- “Break down the word ‘contraindication’.”
- “List all prefixes meaning ‘small.’”
- “Which prefix means ‘abnormal’?”

Once you provide the actual problem, I’ll solve it step by step.

Let me know how I can assist further!