Nomenclature Acids Worksheet with answers - Acid Nomenclature ... - Free Printable

Here are the correct formulas and names for the acids listed in your worksheet.

Part 1: Write the formula for each of the acids listed below

To find the formula, we look at the name to determine the polyatomic ion or element involved and balance the charges with Hydrogen ($H^+$).

1. Nitric acid: Derived from Nitrate ($NO_3^-$).
* Formula: $HNO_3$
2. Chloric acid: Derived from Chlorate ($ClO_3^-$).
* Formula: $HClO_3$
3. Acetic acid: A common organic acid (also written as $CH_3COOH$).
* Formula: $HC_2H_3O_2$
4. Hydrobromic acid: Binary acid made of Hydrogen and Bromine.
* Formula: $HBr$
5. Sulfurous acid: Derived from Sulfite ($SO_3^{2-}$). Needs two Hydrogens to balance.
* Formula: $H_2SO_3$
6. Chlorous acid: Derived from Chlorite ($ClO_2^-$).
* Formula: $HClO_2$
7. Hydrochloric acid: Binary acid made of Hydrogen and Chlorine.
* Formula: $HCl$
8. Phosphoric acid: Derived from Phosphate ($PO_4^{3-}$). Needs three Hydrogens to balance.
* Formula: $H_3PO_4$
9. Nitrous acid: Derived from Nitrite ($NO_2^-$).
* Formula: $HNO_2$
10. Hydrofluoric acid: Binary acid made of Hydrogen and Fluorine.
* Formula: $HF$
11. Perchloric acid: Derived from Perchlorate ($ClO_4^-$).
* Formula: $HClO_4$
12. Hydroiodic acid: Binary acid made of Hydrogen and Iodine.
* Formula: $HI$
13. Phosphorous acid: Derived from Phosphite ($PO_3^{3-}$). Needs three Hydrogens to balance.
* Formula: $H_3PO_3$
14. Carbonic acid: Derived from Carbonate ($CO_3^{2-}$). Needs two Hydrogens to balance.
* Formula: $H_2CO_3$
15. Sulfuric acid: Derived from Sulfate ($SO_4^{2-}$). Needs two Hydrogens to balance.
* Formula: $H_2SO_4$

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Part 2: Name each of the following acids

To name them, we check if there is Oxygen.
* No Oxygen (starts with H): Use "Hydro-" + root name + "-ic acid".
* Has Oxygen: Look at the ending of the anion.
* Ends in -ate $\rightarrow$ change to -ic acid.
* Ends in -ite $\rightarrow$ change to -ous acid.

16. $HClO_4$: Contains Chlorate ($ClO_4^-$). "Chlorate" becomes "Chloric".
* Name: Perchloric acid
17. $H_3PO_4$: Contains Phosphate ($PO_4^{3-}$). "Phosphate" becomes "Phosphoric".
* Name: Phosphoric acid
18. $HCl_{(aq)}$: No oxygen. Hydrogen + Chlorine.
* Name: Hydrochloric acid
19. $H_2SO_4$: Contains Sulfate ($SO_4^{2-}$). "Sulfate" becomes "Sulfuric".
* Name: Sulfuric acid
20. $HNO_2$: Contains Nitrite ($NO_2^-$). "Nitrite" becomes "Nitrous".
* Name: Nitrous acid
21. $HI_{(aq)}$: No oxygen. Hydrogen + Iodine.
* Name: Hydroiodic acid
22. $HC_2H_3O_2$: This is the standard formula for vinegar.
* Name: Acetic acid
23. $HF_{(aq)}$: No oxygen. Hydrogen + Fluorine.
* Name: Hydrofluoric acid
24. $H_3PO_3$: Contains Phosphite ($PO_3^{3-}$). "Phosphite" becomes "Phosphorous".
* Name: Phosphorous acid
25. $HClO_3$: Contains Chlorate ($ClO_3^-$). "Chlorate" becomes "Chloric".
* Name: Chloric acid
26. $H_2CO_3$: Contains Carbonate ($CO_3^{2-}$). "Carbonate" becomes "Carbonic".
* Name: Carbonic acid
27. $H_2SO_3$: Contains Sulfite ($SO_3^{2-}$). "Sulfite" becomes "Sulfurous".
* Name: Sulfurous acid
28. $HClO_2$: Contains Chlorite ($ClO_2^-$). "Chlorite" becomes "Chlorous".
* Name: Chlorous acid
29. $HNO_3$: Contains Nitrate ($NO_3^-$). "Nitrate" becomes "Nitric".
* Name: Nitric acid
30. $HBr_{(aq)}$: No oxygen. Hydrogen + Bromine.
* Name: Hydrobromic acid

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Final Answer:

Write the formula:
1. $HNO_3$
2. $HClO_3$
3. $HC_2H_3O_2$
4. $HBr$
5. $H_2SO_3$
6. $HClO_2$
7. $HCl$
8. $H_3PO_4$
9. $HNO_2$
10. $HF$
11. $HClO_4$
12. $HI$
13. $H_3PO_3$
14. $H_2CO_3$
15. $H_2SO_4$

Name each of the following acids:
16. Perchloric acid
17. Phosphoric acid
18. Hydrochloric acid
19. Sulfuric acid
20. Nitrous acid
21. Hydroiodic acid
22. Acetic acid
23. Hydrofluoric acid
24. Phosphorous acid
25. Chloric acid
26. Carbonic acid
27. Sulfurous acid
28. Chlorous acid
29. Nitric acid
30. Hydrobromic acid