Worksheet for naming polyatomic ionic compounds with chemical formulas and blank lines for answers.
Naming Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Worksheet with 20 chemical formulas for students to name, including ammonium chromate, silver nitrate, and aluminum chlorate.
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Step-by-step solution for: Free Printable Polyatomic Ions Worksheets
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Show Answer Key & Explanations
Step-by-step solution for: Free Printable Polyatomic Ions Worksheets
To name polyatomic ionic compounds, we follow these steps:
1. Identify the cation (positive ion): This is usually a metal or ammonium ($NH_4^+$). If the metal can have more than one charge (like transition metals such as Iron, Copper, Lead, Tin, Mercury), we need to figure out its specific charge in this compound and write it as a Roman numeral (e.g., Iron(II)).
2. Identify the anion (negative ion): This is the polyatomic ion at the end. You need to know the names of common polyatomic ions (like nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, etc.).
3. Combine the names: Write the name of the cation first, followed by the name of the anion.
Let's break down each problem:
1) $(NH_4)_2CrO_4$
* Cation: $NH_4^+$ is Ammonium.
* Anion: $CrO_4^{2-}$ is Chromate.
* Name: Ammonium chromate
2) $AgNO_3$
* Cation: $Ag^+$ is Silver. (Silver almost always has a +1 charge, so no Roman numeral is typically needed in standard nomenclature).
* Anion: $NO_3^-$ is Nitrate.
* Name: Silver nitrate
3) $Al(ClO_3)_3$
* Cation: $Al^{3+}$ is Aluminum.
* Anion: $ClO_3^-$ is Chlorate.
* Name: Aluminum chlorate
4) $Ba(ClO_4)_2$
* Cation: $Ba^{2+}$ is Barium.
* Anion: $ClO_4^-$ is Perchlorate.
* Name: Barium perchlorate
5) $CaSO_4$
* Cation: $Ca^{2+}$ is Calcium.
* Anion: $SO_4^{2-}$ is Sulfate.
* Name: Calcium sulfate
6) $Cd(OH)_2$
* Cation: $Cd^{2+}$ is Cadmium.
* Anion: $OH^-$ is Hydroxide.
* Name: Cadmium hydroxide
7) $Cu(ClO_4)_2$
* Anion: $ClO_4^-$ is Perchlorate (charge -1). There are two, so total negative charge is -2.
* Cation: Copper must be +2 to balance. So, it is Copper(II).
* Name: Copper(II) perchlorate
8) $Fe(HSO_3)_2$
* Anion: $HSO_3^-$ is Hydrogen sulfite (or bisulfite). Charge is -1. Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Iron must be +2. So, it is Iron(II).
* Name: Iron(II) hydrogen sulfite (or Iron(II) bisulfite)
9) $Fe(NO_2)_2$
* Anion: $NO_2^-$ is Nitrite. Charge is -1. Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Iron must be +2. So, it is Iron(II).
* Name: Iron(II) nitrite
10) $Hg_2(NO_2)_2$
* Note: The ion $Hg_2^{2+}$ is the Mercury(I) ion (it exists as a pair).
* Anion: $NO_2^-$ is Nitrite.
* Name: Mercury(I) nitrite
11) $HgCrO_4$
* Anion: $CrO_4^{2-}$ is Chromate (charge -2).
* Cation: Mercury must be +2 to balance. So, it is Mercury(II).
* Name: Mercury(II) chromate
12) $K_2Cr_2O_7$
* Cation: $K^+$ is Potassium.
* Anion: $Cr_2O_7^{2-}$ is Dichromate.
* Name: Potassium dichromate
13) $Mg_3(PO_4)_2$
* Cation: $Mg^{2+}$ is Magnesium.
* Anion: $PO_4^{3-}$ is Phosphate.
* Name: Magnesium phosphate
14) $Pb(CO_3)_2$
* Anion: $CO_3^{2-}$ is Carbonate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Lead must be +4. So, it is Lead(IV).
* Name: Lead(IV) carbonate
15) $Pb(SO_4)_2$
* Anion: $SO_4^{2-}$ is Sulfate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Lead must be +4. So, it is Lead(IV).
* Name: Lead(IV) sulfate
16) $Pb_3(PO_4)_2$
* Anion: $PO_4^{3-}$ is Phosphate (charge -3). Two of them make -6.
* Cation: Three Lead atoms must equal +6. So each Lead is +2. It is Lead(II).
* Name: Lead(II) phosphate
17) $Sn(CN)_2$
* Anion: $CN^-$ is Cyanide (charge -1). Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Tin must be +2. So, it is Tin(II).
* Name: Tin(II) cyanide
18) $Sn(CO_3)_2$
* Anion: $CO_3^{2-}$ is Carbonate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Tin must be +4. So, it is Tin(IV).
* Name: Tin(IV) carbonate
19) $Sr(NO_3)_2$
* Cation: $Sr^{2+}$ is Strontium.
* Anion: $NO_3^-$ is Nitrate.
* Name: Strontium nitrate
20) $Zn(HCO_3)_2$
* Cation: $Zn^{2+}$ is Zinc. (Zinc is always +2, so no Roman numeral).
* Anion: $HCO_3^-$ is Hydrogen carbonate (or bicarbonate).
* Name: Zinc hydrogen carbonate (or Zinc bicarbonate)
Final Answer:
1) Ammonium chromate
2) Silver nitrate
3) Aluminum chlorate
4) Barium perchlorate
5) Calcium sulfate
6) Cadmium hydroxide
7) Copper(II) perchlorate
8) Iron(II) hydrogen sulfite
9) Iron(II) nitrite
10) Mercury(I) nitrite
11) Mercury(II) chromate
12) Potassium dichromate
13) Magnesium phosphate
14) Lead(IV) carbonate
15) Lead(IV) sulfate
16) Lead(II) phosphate
17) Tin(II) cyanide
18) Tin(IV) carbonate
19) Strontium nitrate
20) Zinc hydrogen carbonate
1. Identify the cation (positive ion): This is usually a metal or ammonium ($NH_4^+$). If the metal can have more than one charge (like transition metals such as Iron, Copper, Lead, Tin, Mercury), we need to figure out its specific charge in this compound and write it as a Roman numeral (e.g., Iron(II)).
2. Identify the anion (negative ion): This is the polyatomic ion at the end. You need to know the names of common polyatomic ions (like nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, etc.).
3. Combine the names: Write the name of the cation first, followed by the name of the anion.
Let's break down each problem:
1) $(NH_4)_2CrO_4$
* Cation: $NH_4^+$ is Ammonium.
* Anion: $CrO_4^{2-}$ is Chromate.
* Name: Ammonium chromate
2) $AgNO_3$
* Cation: $Ag^+$ is Silver. (Silver almost always has a +1 charge, so no Roman numeral is typically needed in standard nomenclature).
* Anion: $NO_3^-$ is Nitrate.
* Name: Silver nitrate
3) $Al(ClO_3)_3$
* Cation: $Al^{3+}$ is Aluminum.
* Anion: $ClO_3^-$ is Chlorate.
* Name: Aluminum chlorate
4) $Ba(ClO_4)_2$
* Cation: $Ba^{2+}$ is Barium.
* Anion: $ClO_4^-$ is Perchlorate.
* Name: Barium perchlorate
5) $CaSO_4$
* Cation: $Ca^{2+}$ is Calcium.
* Anion: $SO_4^{2-}$ is Sulfate.
* Name: Calcium sulfate
6) $Cd(OH)_2$
* Cation: $Cd^{2+}$ is Cadmium.
* Anion: $OH^-$ is Hydroxide.
* Name: Cadmium hydroxide
7) $Cu(ClO_4)_2$
* Anion: $ClO_4^-$ is Perchlorate (charge -1). There are two, so total negative charge is -2.
* Cation: Copper must be +2 to balance. So, it is Copper(II).
* Name: Copper(II) perchlorate
8) $Fe(HSO_3)_2$
* Anion: $HSO_3^-$ is Hydrogen sulfite (or bisulfite). Charge is -1. Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Iron must be +2. So, it is Iron(II).
* Name: Iron(II) hydrogen sulfite (or Iron(II) bisulfite)
9) $Fe(NO_2)_2$
* Anion: $NO_2^-$ is Nitrite. Charge is -1. Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Iron must be +2. So, it is Iron(II).
* Name: Iron(II) nitrite
10) $Hg_2(NO_2)_2$
* Note: The ion $Hg_2^{2+}$ is the Mercury(I) ion (it exists as a pair).
* Anion: $NO_2^-$ is Nitrite.
* Name: Mercury(I) nitrite
11) $HgCrO_4$
* Anion: $CrO_4^{2-}$ is Chromate (charge -2).
* Cation: Mercury must be +2 to balance. So, it is Mercury(II).
* Name: Mercury(II) chromate
12) $K_2Cr_2O_7$
* Cation: $K^+$ is Potassium.
* Anion: $Cr_2O_7^{2-}$ is Dichromate.
* Name: Potassium dichromate
13) $Mg_3(PO_4)_2$
* Cation: $Mg^{2+}$ is Magnesium.
* Anion: $PO_4^{3-}$ is Phosphate.
* Name: Magnesium phosphate
14) $Pb(CO_3)_2$
* Anion: $CO_3^{2-}$ is Carbonate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Lead must be +4. So, it is Lead(IV).
* Name: Lead(IV) carbonate
15) $Pb(SO_4)_2$
* Anion: $SO_4^{2-}$ is Sulfate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Lead must be +4. So, it is Lead(IV).
* Name: Lead(IV) sulfate
16) $Pb_3(PO_4)_2$
* Anion: $PO_4^{3-}$ is Phosphate (charge -3). Two of them make -6.
* Cation: Three Lead atoms must equal +6. So each Lead is +2. It is Lead(II).
* Name: Lead(II) phosphate
17) $Sn(CN)_2$
* Anion: $CN^-$ is Cyanide (charge -1). Two of them make -2.
* Cation: Tin must be +2. So, it is Tin(II).
* Name: Tin(II) cyanide
18) $Sn(CO_3)_2$
* Anion: $CO_3^{2-}$ is Carbonate (charge -2). Two of them make -4.
* Cation: Tin must be +4. So, it is Tin(IV).
* Name: Tin(IV) carbonate
19) $Sr(NO_3)_2$
* Cation: $Sr^{2+}$ is Strontium.
* Anion: $NO_3^-$ is Nitrate.
* Name: Strontium nitrate
20) $Zn(HCO_3)_2$
* Cation: $Zn^{2+}$ is Zinc. (Zinc is always +2, so no Roman numeral).
* Anion: $HCO_3^-$ is Hydrogen carbonate (or bicarbonate).
* Name: Zinc hydrogen carbonate (or Zinc bicarbonate)
Final Answer:
1) Ammonium chromate
2) Silver nitrate
3) Aluminum chlorate
4) Barium perchlorate
5) Calcium sulfate
6) Cadmium hydroxide
7) Copper(II) perchlorate
8) Iron(II) hydrogen sulfite
9) Iron(II) nitrite
10) Mercury(I) nitrite
11) Mercury(II) chromate
12) Potassium dichromate
13) Magnesium phosphate
14) Lead(IV) carbonate
15) Lead(IV) sulfate
16) Lead(II) phosphate
17) Tin(II) cyanide
18) Tin(IV) carbonate
19) Strontium nitrate
20) Zinc hydrogen carbonate
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of naming polyatomic ions worksheet.
