Complete the word equations by filling in the missing chemical names.

Let's solve each of these word equations step by step. These are all acid-base or acid-metal oxide/hydroxide reactions, which typically produce a salt and water.

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1. hydrochloric acid + magnesium oxide → magnesium chloride + water

- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with magnesium oxide (MgO).
- The salt formed is magnesium chloride.
- Answer: magnesium chloride

✔ Magnesium chloride

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2. sulfuric acid + copper oxide → copper sulfate + water

- Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) reacts with copper(II) oxide (CuO).
- Salt formed: copper sulfate (CuSO₄)
- Answer: copper sulfate

✔ Copper sulfate

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3. nitric acid + potassium hydroxide → potassium nitrate + water

- Nitric acid (HNO₃) reacts with potassium hydroxide (KOH).
- This is an acid-base neutralization.
- Salt formed: potassium nitrate
- Answer: potassium nitrate

✔ Potassium nitrate

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4. hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide → sodium chloride + water

- HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
- Salt formed: sodium chloride
- Answer: sodium chloride

✔ Sodium chloride

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5. lithium oxide + sulfuric acid → lithium sulfate + water

- Lithium oxide (Li₂O) reacts with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
- Salt formed: lithium sulfate (Li₂SO₄)
- Answer: lithium sulfate

✔ Lithium sulfate

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6. calcium oxide + nitric acid → calcium nitrate + water

- Calcium oxide (CaO) + HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
- Salt formed: calcium nitrate
- Answer: calcium nitrate

✔ Calcium nitrate

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7. hydrochloric acid + zinc oxide → zinc chloride + water

- HCl + ZnO → ZnCl₂ + H₂O
- Salt formed: zinc chloride
- Answer: zinc chloride + water

✔ Zinc chloride + water

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8. sulfuric acid + iron oxide → iron sulfate + water

- Iron oxide is usually Fe₂O₃ (iron(III) oxide).
- Reacts with H₂SO₄ to form iron(III) sulfate and water.
- Answer: iron sulfate + water

✔ Iron sulfate + water

> Note: If it’s iron(II) oxide, it would be iron(II) sulfate, but typically "iron oxide" refers to Fe₂O₃ unless specified.

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9. lead hydroxide + nitric acid → lead nitrate + water

- Pb(OH)₂ + HNO₃ → Pb(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
- Salt formed: lead nitrate
- Answer: lead nitrate + water

✔ Lead nitrate + water

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10. ____ oxide + ____ acid → zinc nitrate + water

- We need to find the metal oxide and acid that produce zinc nitrate.
- Zinc nitrate → Zn(NO₃)₂ → comes from zinc oxide and nitric acid
- So: zinc oxide + nitric acid → zinc nitrate + water

✔ Zinc oxide + nitric acid

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11. aluminium oxide + hydrochloric acid → aluminium chloride + water

- Al₂O₃ + HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂O
- Salt formed: aluminium chloride
- Answer: aluminium chloride + water

✔ Aluminium chloride + water

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12. copper oxide + nitric acid → copper nitrate + water

- CuO + HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
- Salt formed: copper nitrate
- Answer: copper nitrate + water

✔ Copper nitrate + water

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✔ Final Answers:

1. magnesium chloride
2. copper sulfate
3. potassium nitrate
4. sodium chloride
5. lithium sulfate
6. calcium nitrate
7. zinc chloride + water
8. iron sulfate + water
9. lead nitrate + water
10. zinc oxide + nitric acid
11. aluminium chloride + water
12. copper nitrate + water

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These are all neutralization reactions:
- Acid + Metal Oxide → Salt + Water
- Acid + Base (hydroxide) → Salt + Water

The salt name is determined by:
- The metal from the base/oxide
- The anion from the acid (e.g., chloride from HCl, sulfate from H₂SO₄, nitrate from HNO₃)

Let me know if you'd like the balanced chemical equations too!