Worksheet on Newton's Laws of Motion with scenarios and an illustration of Newton under an apple tree.

Let's go through each scenario and determine which of Newton’s Laws of Motion it illustrates. We'll use:

- 1 for Newton’s 1st Law (Law of Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
- 2 for Newton’s 2nd Law (F = ma): The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
- 3 for Newton’s 3rd Law (Action-Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

---

1. A coin put on top of a paper on the table will stay in place when the paper is pulled.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: The coin remains at rest due to inertia (1st Law). It doesn’t move with the paper unless a force acts on it.

---

2. A farmer could not move his cart full of vegetables with only one horse, so he added another horse in order to move the cart.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: More horses mean more force, increasing acceleration (F = ma). This shows how force affects motion (2nd Law).

---

3. A truck with less mass will have a bigger acceleration than a truck with more mass.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: With the same force, less mass leads to greater acceleration (F = ma) — classic 2nd Law.

---

4. Daddy hit the golf ball with more force than little Johnny. Daddy’s ball went the farthest.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: Greater force → greater acceleration → farther distance. Relates to F = ma (2nd Law).

---

5. When a basketball player shoots a jump shot, the ball follows an arcing path because of gravity and friction.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: The ball continues moving forward but slows and curves due to forces (gravity and air resistance), changing its state of motion — 1st Law applies as external forces alter motion.

---

6. The harder you pedal your bicycle, the faster your bicycle will go.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: More force from pedaling increases acceleration (F = ma), showing 2nd Law.

---

7. A book resting on the table exerts a downward force on the table while the table exerts an upward force on the book.

- Answer: 3
- Explanation: Equal and opposite forces — action-reaction pair (3rd Law).

---

8. The large snowball was much harder to move than the smaller one.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: More mass → more inertia → needs more force to accelerate (F = ma) — 2nd Law.

---

9. A ball that rolls on a flat surface will continue to roll until friction brings the ball to a stop.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: The ball keeps moving due to inertia; friction stops it — 1st Law.

---

10. If you push a small table and a big table with the same amount of force, the small table will move faster.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: Same force, less mass → greater acceleration (F = ma) — 2nd Law.

---

11. When a car slams on brakes the passengers body is thrown forward until stopped by the seat belt.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: Body tends to keep moving forward due to inertia — 1st Law.

---

12. Walker hits the ball with more force than Max, so Walker’s ball went farther into the outfield.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: Greater force → greater acceleration → farther travel — 2nd Law.

---

13. It takes a track runner several yards after the finish line to come to a stop.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: Runner keeps moving due to inertia until friction or air resistance stops them — 1st Law.

---

14. When an air-filled balloon is set free, the air inside it rushes out and the balloon moves forward.

- Answer: 3
- Explanation: Air pushes backward, balloon moves forward — action-reaction (3rd Law).

---

15. When walking on a sandy beach, while we exert force forward with each step, we push the sand backward.

- Answer: 3
- Explanation: You push backward on the sand; the sand pushes you forward — action-reaction (3rd Law).

---

16. The bowling pins fell down when they were hit by the bowling ball.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: Pins were at rest, then moved due to applied force — change in motion due to force (1st Law).

---

17. A rider on a running horse is thrown forward when the horse stops suddenly.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: Rider continues moving forward due to inertia — 1st Law.

---

18. The boy had to apply extra force to move the big bag.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: More mass requires more force to accelerate — F = ma (2nd Law).

---

19. A 50 pound rock is much harder to move than a 5 pound rock.

- Answer: 2
- Explanation: Higher mass means more inertia and more force needed — 2nd Law.

---

20. The biker was moving at 25 miles per hour until he hit a rock that threw him over the handlebars.

- Answer: 1
- Explanation: Biker was in motion, then sudden stop by rock — body continues forward due to inertia — 1st Law.

---

Final Answers (in order):

1. 1
2. 2
3. 2
4. 2
5. 1
6. 2
7. 3
8. 2
9. 1
10. 2
11. 1
12. 2
13. 1
14. 3
15. 3
16. 1
17. 1
18. 2
19. 2
20. 1

✔ These answers are based on correct interpretation of Newton’s three laws of motion.