To solve the problem of naming the given organic compounds, we need to identify each compound based on its structure and apply the rules of IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature. Let's analyze each compound step by step.
---
1. Compound 1:
```
H
|
H — C — C — C — H
| |
H CH3
|
H
```
- This is a
butane derivative with a methyl group attached to the second carbon.
- The parent chain has 4 carbons, so it is a butane.
- The methyl group is attached to the second carbon from the left.
- According to IUPAC rules, we number the chain starting from the end that gives the lowest possible numbers for substituents.
Thus, the name is:
2-Methylbutane
---
2. Compound 2:
```
H
|
H — C — C — C — H
| |
H OH
|
H
```
- This is a
butane derivative with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the second carbon.
- The parent chain has 4 carbons, so it is a butane.
- The hydroxyl group is attached to the second carbon from the left.
- According to IUPAC rules, this is a
primary alcohol (1° alcohol).
Thus, the name is:
2-Butanol
---
3. Compound 3:
```
H
|
H — C — C — C — C — H
| | |
H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkane with 5 carbons.
- There are no substituents or functional groups present.
- The parent chain has 5 carbons, so it is a pentane.
Thus, the name is:
Pentane
---
4. Compound 4:
```
H
|
H — C — C — C — C — H
| | |
H OH H
|
H
```
- This is a
butane derivative with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon.
- The parent chain has 4 carbons, so it is a butane.
- The hydroxyl group is attached to the third carbon from the left.
- According to IUPAC rules, this is a
secondary alcohol (2° alcohol).
Thus, the name is:
3-Butanol
---
5. Compound 5:
```
H
|
H3C — C — C — C — C — H
| | |
H H H
|
H
```
- This is a straight-chain alkane with 6 carbons.
- There are no substituents or functional groups present.
- The parent chain has 6 carbons, so it is a hexane.
Thus, the name is:
Hexane
---
Final Answer:
1.
2-Methylbutane
2.
2-Butanol
3.
Pentane
4.
3-Butanol
5.
Hexane
$$
\boxed{
\begin{array}{l}
1. \text{2-Methylbutane} \\
2. \text{2-Butanol} \\
3. \text{Pentane} \\
4. \text{3-Butanol} \\
5. \text{Hexane}
\end{array}
}
$$
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of organic chemistry nomenclature practice worksheet.
