Diffusion and Osmosis Worksheet with diagrams illustrating solute and water movement in hypotonic and hypertonic solutions.

Let's solve the Diffusion and Osmosis Worksheet (Modified) step by step. The goal is to determine:

1. The direction of solute flow (if any) — indicated with a regular arrow.
2. The direction of water flow — indicated with a "W" arrow.
3. Classify the solution in the beaker as hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic relative to the cell.

We are given two completed examples at the top, and two diagrams below that need analysis.

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🔬 Key Concepts:

- Osmosis: Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
- Tonicity:
- Hypertonic: Beaker has more solute than the cell → Water leaves the cell → Cell shrinks.
- Hypotonic: Beaker has less solute than the cell → Water enters the cell → Cell swells.
- Isotonic: Equal solute concentration → No net movement of water.

> Note: Solute (black dots) cannot move freely through the membrane in these diagrams (assumed impermeable), but water (blue/red molecules) can.

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## ✔ Let’s Analyze Each Diagram

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🟦 Bottom Left Diagram

#### 🔎 Observation:
- Inside the cell: More solute particles (black dots) than outside.
- Outside the cell (beaker): Fewer solute particles.
- Water molecules are shown on both sides.

#### 💧 Water Movement:
Water moves from low solute to high solute concentration → From beaker → into the cell.

So, draw a "W" arrow pointing INTO the cell.

#### 📌 Solute Flow:
Solute cannot cross the membrane → No solute movement.

#### ➤ Tonicity:
Since the cell has higher solute concentration, the beaker solution is hypotonic.

✔ Answer:
The solution of the beaker is: Hypotonic

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🟨 Bottom Right Diagram

#### 🔎 Observation:
- Inside the cell: Fewer solute particles than outside.
- Outside the beaker: More solute particles.
- Water molecules are present both inside and outside.

#### 💧 Water Movement:
Water moves from low solute to high solute → From cell → out into beaker.

So, draw a "W" arrow pointing OUT of the cell.

#### 📌 Solute Flow:
Again, solutes cannot move across the membrane → No solute movement.

#### ➤ Tonicity:
The beaker has more solute → So it is hypertonic relative to the cell.

✔ Answer:
The solution of the beaker is: Hypertonic

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## ✔ Final Answers:

Bottom Left:

- The solution of the beaker is: Hypotonic
- Draw "W" arrow pointing INTO the cell (water enters)
- No solute movement

Bottom Right:

- The solution of the beaker is: Hypertonic
- Draw "W" arrow pointing OUT of the cell (water exits)
- No solute movement

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## 🖼️ Summary of Arrows (as you would draw):

| Diagram | Arrow for Solute | Arrow for Water ("W") | Tonicity |
|--------|------------------|------------------------|----------|
| Top Left (example) | Out of cell | Into cell | Hypertonic |
| Top Right (example) | Into cell | Out of cell | Hypotonic |
| Bottom Left | None | Into cell | Hypotonic |
| Bottom Right | None | Out of cell | Hypertonic |

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## 🧠 Why This Matters:
This illustrates how cells respond to different environments:
- In hypotonic solutions → water enters → cell swells (could burst).
- In hypertonic solutions → water leaves → cell shrinks (crenates).
- In isotonic → no net change.

These principles apply to red blood cells, plant cells, and other biological systems.

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✔ Final Answer:

- Bottom Left: The solution of the beaker is: Hypotonic
- Bottom Right: The solution of the beaker is: Hypertonic

You should draw:
- In bottom left: "W" arrow into the cell.
- In bottom right: "W" arrow out of the cell.

Let me know if you'd like a visual sketch description!