The human skeleton exercise - Free Printable

Let's solve each part of this worksheet step by step and explain the answers.

---

1. Write down the Word that describes each of the following:

- A frame made of bone that supports our body.
→ Skeleton
*Explanation:* The skeleton is the internal framework of the body made of bones that provides support, shape, and protection.

- A bone in the spine.
→ Vertebra
*Explanation:* The spine (or vertebral column) is made up of individual bones called vertebrae.

- The bones of the head.
→ Skull
*Explanation:* The skull is the bony structure that protects the brain and forms the head.

- Animals with no skeleton.
→ Invertebrates
*Explanation:* Invertebrates are animals without a backbone or internal skeleton (e.g., insects, jellyfish, worms).

- The parts of the body that allow our bones to move.
→ Joints
*Explanation:* Joints are the connections between bones that allow movement (e.g., hinge joints in elbows, ball-and-socket joints in shoulders).

---

2. Write down the name of one:

- A flat bone → Scapula (shoulder blade) or Pelvic bone or Cranial bone
*Example:* Scapula
*Explanation:* Flat bones are thin, flattened bones that protect internal organs and provide surfaces for muscle attachment.

- Long bone → Femur (thigh bone)
*Explanation:* Long bones are longer than they are wide, typically found in limbs. The femur is the longest bone in the body.

- Short bone → Carpal bones (in the wrist) or Tarsal bones (in the ankle)
*Example:* Carpal bone
*Explanation:* Short bones are cube-shaped and found in wrists and ankles.

- Irregular bone → Vertebra or Sacrum or Parietal bone
*Example:* Vertebra
*Explanation:* Irregular bones have complex shapes that don’t fit into other categories; vertebrae are classic examples.

---

3. Functions: Join with arrows the pictures to their functions:

We have four images:
- Ribs
- Skull
- Spine
- Hip bone

And four functions:

1. Supports the weight of the body. → Hip bone
*Explanation:* The hip bone (pelvis) connects the spine to the legs and supports the upper body’s weight during standing and walking.

2. Protects our heart and lungs. → Ribs
*Explanation:* The ribcage surrounds and protects the heart and lungs.

3. Protects the spinal cord. → Spine
*Explanation:* The vertebral column (spine) encloses and protects the spinal cord.

4. Protects our brain. → Skull
*Explanation:* The skull is a hard bony case that protects the brain from injury.

---

✔ Final Answers:

#### 1. Fill-in-the-blank:
- A frame made of bone that supports our body. → Skeleton
- A bone in the spine. → Vertebra
- The bones of the head. → Skull
- Animals with no skeleton. → Invertebrates
- The parts of the body that allow our bones to move. → Joints

#### 2. Name one example:
- A flat bone → Scapula (or Pelvis, Skull)
- Long bone → Femur
- Short bone → Carpal bone
- Irregular bone → Vertebra

#### 3. Matching:
- Ribs → Protects our heart and lungs.
- Skull → Protects our brain.
- Spine → Protects the spinal cord.
- Hip bone → Supports the weight of the body.

---

This worksheet teaches basic human anatomy vocabulary and function, ideal for ESL students learning science terms.