Free Printable Periodic Table Worksheets - Free Printable

Let's solve each question step by step based on the periodic table and basic chemistry principles.

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1. What is the element symbol for Californium?

- Answer: Cf
- Californium is a synthetic element with atomic number 88.
- Its chemical symbol is Cf.

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2. How many protons are present in an atom of Bismuth?

- Answer: 83
- The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number.
- Bismuth (Bi) has an atomic number of 83, so it has 83 protons.

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3. To which group element does Argon belong?

- Answer: Group 18
- Argon (Ar) is a noble gas.
- Noble gases are located in Group 18 of the periodic table.

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4. All families have the same number of ________ electrons.

- Answer: valence
- Elements in the same group (family) have the same number of valence electrons.
- This is why they exhibit similar chemical properties.

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5. Nobel gases have a ________ valence shell.

- Answer: full
- Noble gases have a completely filled valence shell, making them very stable and unreactive.
- They typically have 8 valence electrons (except helium, which has 2).

> Note: "Nobel" is likely a typo; it should be Noble gases.

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6. Alkaline-earth metals are the elements in the ____ column.

- Answer: 2nd
- Alkaline-earth metals are found in Group 2 of the periodic table.
- This includes elements like Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.

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7. Write down the element from the set that matches the given criteria.

We are given a table with four atoms and three criteria:

| Criteria | Atom 1 | Atom 2 | Atom 3 | Atom 4 | Element |
|------------------------|------------|-------------|------------|--------------|---------|
| Largest size | Chlorine | Sodium | Silicon | Aluminum | |
| Highest electronegativity | Calcium | Beryllium | Radium | Magnesium | |
| Ionization energy | Calcium | Bromine | Arsenic | Iron | |

Let’s analyze each row:

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#### Largest size (atomic radius):
- Atomic size increases down a group and decreases across a period (left to right).
- Among:
- Chlorine (Cl) – small, high effective nuclear charge
- Sodium (Na) – large, left side, low Zeff
- Silicon (Si) – medium
- Aluminum (Al) – slightly larger than Si but smaller than Na

→ Sodium (Na) is the largest because it's in Group 1 and Period 3, with only one valence electron and low effective nuclear charge.

✔ Answer: Sodium

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#### Highest electronegativity:
- Electronegativity increases across a period and decreases down a group.
- Among:
- Calcium (Ca) – low electronegativity (metal)
- Beryllium (Be) – moderate
- Radium (Ra) – very low (large atom, bottom of group)
- Magnesium (Mg) – moderate

But wait — none of these are highly electronegative. However, comparing:
- Beryllium (Be) has higher electronegativity than Ca or Mg due to small size and higher charge density.
- But none are highly electronegative like F or O.

Wait — look again at the options: Calcium, Beryllium, Radium, Magnesium

- Electronegativity values (Pauling scale):
- Ca: ~1.0
- Be: ~1.57
- Ra: ~0.9
- Mg: ~1.31

So Beryllium (Be) has the highest electronegativity among these.

✔ Answer: Beryllium

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#### Ionization energy:
- Ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group.
- Among:
- Calcium (Ca) – low IE (alkaline earth metal)
- Bromine (Br) – high IE (halogen, needs one electron to complete shell)
- Arsenic (As) – moderate (metalloid)
- Iron (Fe) – moderate (transition metal)

Bromine (Br) is a halogen and has high ionization energy because it has a stable electron configuration and strong effective nuclear charge.

- Bromine has higher IE than Ca, As, and Fe.

✔ Answer: Bromine

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✔ Final Answers:

| Question | Answer |
|--------|--------|
| 1 | Cf |
| 2 | 83 |
| 3 | Group 18 |
| 4 | valence |
| 5 | full |
| 6 | 2nd |
| 7 | |
|    Largest size | Sodium |
|    Highest electronegativity | Beryllium |
|    Ionization energy | Bromine |

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Summary Table (Question 7):

| Criteria | Element |
|------------------------|-------------|
| Largest size | Sodium |
| Highest electronegativity | Beryllium |
| Ionization energy | Bromine |

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✔ Final Answer Key:

1. Cf
2. 83
3. Group 18
4. valence
5. full
6. 2nd
7.
- Largest size: Sodium
- Highest electronegativity: Beryllium
- Ionization energy: Bromine

Let me know if you'd like this formatted as a printable answer sheet!