- The graph shows the phase changes of water as energy is added, starting from solid (ice) to liquid (water) and then to gas (water vapor).
- During melting and evaporation, the temperature remains constant despite energy input because the energy is used to break intermolecular bonds rather than increase kinetic energy.
- The heat of fusion (6.01 kJ/mol) is the energy required to convert one mole of ice to water at 0°C without changing temperature.
- The heat of vaporization (40.65 kJ/mol) is the energy required to convert one mole of water to vapor at 100°C without changing temperature.
- Condensation and freezing are the reverse processes, releasing the same amounts of energy.
- The slope of the lines between phase changes indicates how much the temperature rises per unit of energy added, which depends on the specific heat capacity of each phase.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of phase change diagram worksheet.
