Here are the answers to fill in the blanks for your worksheet on Plant Processes.
A. Taking in nutrients —how plants eat and breathe
1.
Transport of materials
a. Most water enters through
roots and then moves up through the plant.
b. Water vapor exits through
stomata.
c. Carbon dioxide and
oxygen enter and exit the leaves.
2. Leaf structure and function—layers of
cells
a. Epidermis—outer layer containing many
stomata to control water loss
b.
Mesophyll layer—contains carbon dioxide and water needed for food production
c. Food is produced in the
palisade layer.
3.
Chloroplasts and pigments
a. Chloroplasts—cell structures in which
photosynthesis occurs
b.
Chlorophyll is green pigment in chloroplasts.
c.
Pigments help plants absorb light energy to make food.
B. Food-making process
1.
Photosynthesis—plant uses carbon dioxide, water, and light energy in the presence of chlorophyll to make glucose and oxygen.
2. Light-dependent reactions—light energy splits water into oxygen and
hydrogen; oxygen is released as a waste product.
3. Light-
independent reactions
a.
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen from light-dependent reactions combine to make glucose.
b.
Glucose is used in a plant’s structure and growth.
c. Extra glucose is stored as other
carbohydrates or
starches.
4. Importance of photosynthesis
a. Directly or indirectly produces
food for almost all organisms
b. Removes carbon dioxide from and adds oxygen to
the atmosphere.
C. Breakdown of food—releases energy
1.
Respiration—chemical reactions that break down food molecules and release
energy.
a. Glucose is broken into smaller molecules in a cell’s
cytoplasm.
b. Aerobic respiration uses
oxygen to break down smaller molecules and occurs in cell’s mitochondria.
2.
ATP is important because it provides plant cells with usable energy.
a. Energy helps plants
grow and produce materials.
b. Waste product of respiration is
carbon dioxide which is returned to atmosphere.
Parent Tip: Review the logic above to help your child master the concept of plant processes worksheet.
