Adjective and Adverb Phrases - Mrgieson.com - Free Printable

Let's solve the exercises from Chapter 14: The Phrase on Adjective and Adverb Phrases, step by step.

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🔹 Key Concepts:

- Adjective Phrase (ADJ): A prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun.
- Adverb Phrase (ADV): A prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb.

We will:
1. Identify the prepositional phrases in each sentence.
2. Determine what word(s) they modify.
3. Label them as ADJ (adjective phrase) or ADV (adverb phrase).

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## ✔ Exercise A: Draw an arrow from each underlined prepositional phrase to the word it modifies. Then label as ADJ or ADV.

> Example:
> On Tuesday our science class took a field trip to the planetarium.
> → Arrow from "to the planetarium" to "trip"
> → ADJ (modifies "trip", a noun)

Now let’s go through each sentence.

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1. On the first night, the hikers camped near the Salinas River.

- Prepositional phrase: near the Salinas River
- Modifies: camped (verb)
- So, this is an ADV (modifies the verb "camped")
✔ Answer: Arrow to "camped" → ADV

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2. Most of this artwork was created by ninth-grade students.

- Prepositional phrase: by ninth-grade students
- Modifies: created (verb)
- So, this is an ADV (modifies the verb "created")
✔ Answer: Arrow to "created" → ADV

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3. Everyone I have met at my new school has been extremely kind to me.

- Prepositional phrase: at my new school
- Modifies: met (verb – part of "have met")
- So, this is an ADV (modifies the verb "met")
✔ Answer: Arrow to "met" → ADV

Also: to me
- Modifies: kind (adjective)
- So, this is an ADV (modifies the adjective "kind")
✔ Answer: Arrow to "kind" → ADV

> Note: Two prepositional phrases here — both are ADV.

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4. Throughout the summer, I worked as a landscape gardener.

- Prepositional phrase: throughout the summer
- Modifies: worked (verb)
- So, this is an ADV (modifies the verb)
✔ Answer: Arrow to "worked" → ADV

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5. For dinner we will serve baked chicken with red beans and rice.

- Prepositional phrase: for dinner
- Modifies: serve (verb)
- So, this is an ADV (tells when/why — time purpose)
✔ Answer: Arrow to "serve" → ADV

Also: with red beans and rice
- Modifies: chicken (noun)
- So, this is an ADJ (describes what kind of chicken)
✔ Answer: Arrow to "chicken" → ADJ

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## ✔ Exercise B: Underline two prepositional phrases. Draw arrows to what they modify. Label as ADJ or ADV.

> Example: Scott works at the pet shop in the mall.
> - "at the pet shop" → modifies "works" → ADV
> - "in the mall" → modifies "pet shop" → ADJ

Let’s do each sentence.

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6. Near the entrance to the cave, we discovered an old map.

- Near the entrance → modifies discovered (verb) → ADV
- to the cave → modifies entrance (noun) → ADJ
✔ Arrows:
- "Near the entrance" → "discovered" → ADV
- "to the cave" → "entrance" → ADJ

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7. The movie’s ending took everyone in the theater by surprise.

- in the theater → modifies everyone (noun) → ADJ
- by surprise → modifies took (verb) → ADV
✔ Arrows:
- "in the theater" → "everyone" → ADJ
- "by surprise" → "took" → ADV

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8. What are some of the differences between the African elephant and the Asian elephant?

- of the differences → modifies some (pronoun/noun) → ADJ
- between the African elephant and the Asian elephant → modifies differences (noun) → ADJ
✔ Arrows:
- "of the differences" → "some" → ADJ
- "between..." → "differences" → ADJ

> Note: Both are ADJ phrases modifying nouns.

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9. According to this recipe, the casserole should be baked for thirty minutes.

- According to this recipe → modifies should be baked (verb phrase) → ADV
- for thirty minutes → modifies baked (verb) → ADV
✔ Arrows:
- "According to this recipe" → "baked" → ADV
- "for thirty minutes" → "baked" → ADV

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10. All of these lovely quilts were made by hand.

- of these lovely quilts → modifies All (pronoun) → ADJ
- by hand → modifies were made (verb phrase) → ADV
✔ Arrows:
- "of these lovely quilts" → "All" → ADJ
- "by hand" → "made" → ADV

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11. The development of the Internet has changed our lives in many ways.

- of the Internet → modifies development (noun) → ADJ
- in many ways → modifies has changed (verb) → ADV
✔ Arrows:
- "of the Internet" → "development" → ADJ
- "in many ways" → "changed" → ADV

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12. Through the telescope we could see clearly the rings around Saturn.

- Through the telescope → modifies could see (verb) → ADV
- around Saturn → modifies rings (noun) → ADJ
✔ Arrows:
- "Through the telescope" → "see" → ADV
- "around Saturn" → "rings" → ADJ

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13. In the living room, Sam chased the kitten around the couch.

- In the living room → modifies chased (verb) → ADV
- around the couch → modifies chased (verb) → ADV
✔ Arrows:
- "In the living room" → "chased" → ADV
- "around the couch" → "chased" → ADV

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14. After sunset is there still enough light for photography?

- After sunset → modifies is (verb) → ADV
- for photography → modifies light (noun) → ADJ
✔ Arrows:
- "After sunset" → "is" → ADV
- "for photography" → "light" → ADJ

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15. Austin, Texas, has been the capital both of a state and of a country.

- of a state → modifies capital (noun) → ADJ
- of a country → modifies capital (noun) → ADJ
✔ Arrows:
- "of a state" → "capital" → ADJ
- "of a country" → "capital" → ADJ

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## ✔ Final Summary Table

| Sentence | Prepositional Phrase | Modifies | Type |
|--------|----------------------|---------|------|
| 1 | near the Salinas River | camped | ADV |
| 2 | by ninth-grade students | created | ADV |
| 3 | at my new school | met | ADV |
| 3 | to me | kind | ADV |
| 4 | throughout the summer | worked | ADV |
| 5 | for dinner | serve | ADV |
| 5 | with red beans and rice | chicken | ADJ |
| 6 | near the entrance | discovered | ADV |
| 6 | to the cave | entrance | ADJ |
| 7 | in the theater | everyone | ADJ |
| 7 | by surprise | took | ADV |
| 8 | of the differences | some | ADJ |
| 8 | between...elephants | differences | ADJ |
| 9 | according to this recipe | baked | ADV |
| 9 | for thirty minutes | baked | ADV |
| 10 | of these lovely quilts | All | ADJ |
| 10 | by hand | made | ADV |
| 11 | of the Internet | development | ADJ |
| 11 | in many ways | changed | ADV |
| 12 | through the telescope | see | ADV |
| 12 | around Saturn | rings | ADJ |
| 13 | in the living room | chased | ADV |
| 13 | around the couch | chased | ADV |
| 14 | after sunset | is | ADV |
| 14 | for photography | light | ADJ |
| 15 | of a state | capital | ADJ |
| 15 | of a country | capital | ADJ |

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## 📌 Tips to Remember:
- Ask: What does the prepositional phrase describe?
- If it describes a noun, it’s an ADJ.
- If it describes a verb, adjective, or adverb, it’s an ADV.
- Common prepositions: in, on, at, by, for, of, with, to, near, around, through, between, etc.

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